“…Just like Zimbabwe, other countries' energy landscape has been marred by a series of interlinked challenges (Das et al, 2022; Prados et al, 2022; Rafindadi & Usman, 2019). Among these challenges, the confluence of expensive renewable energy options (Chiwaridzo & Masengu, 2023; Ratner et al, 2022), weak policy frameworks (Bouzarovski et al, 2021; Macheka, 2021), chronic electricity shortages (Chipango, 2021; Zhang et al, 2022), and rampant deforestation (Maramura et al, 2020; Panwar et al, 2023), have cast shadow over the tourism industry's prospects for energy independence, energy sustainability and environmental responsibility. A major global issue has been the scarcity and unreliability of electricity supply (Boke et al, 2022; Murombo, 2019; Wang et al, 2022).…”