Environmental monitoring and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in farmland soils

Rostami, Saeid; Kamani, Hossein; Shahsavani, Samaneh; Hoseini, Mohammad

doi:10.1080/10807039.2020.1719030

Cited by 59 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The most commonly used are soil quality standards (limit values relating to the content of a given element) and geochemical indicators, which are primarily aimed at assessing the anthropogenic impact on soil quality and may reveal the possibility of contamination (Kowalewska et al 2018;Ahmadi et al 2019;Selzenev et al 2020). For several years, the ecological risk factor (ER) has also been used to assess the degree Responsible editor: Dong-Mei Zhou of soil contamination with trace elements Ciarkowska and Gambuś 2020;Rostami et al 2021;Lu et al 2021). This factor allows, in a way, to assess the potential risk for soil organisms that results from the presence of trace elements in the soil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution indices and biotests as useful tools for the evaluation of the degree of soil contamination by trace elements

Wieczorek

Baran

2021

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose The aim of the study was the calculation of geochemical, ecological, and ecotoxicological indices for the assessment of risk resulting from the presence of trace metals in soil. Methods Around 320 soil points were determined for the tests by the regular square-grid method with a square side equal to 7.5 km. A total of 11 indices were used, including 6 geochemical indices, 1 index assessing potential ecological risk, and 4 indices assessing soil ecotoxicity. Results Two groups of elements were distinguished. The first one included Ni, Cr, and Cu. The calculated geochemical indices generally indicated their natural content and low degree of soil contamination with them and that the elements’ sources were connected with natural processes. The second group included Cd, Pb, and Zn. These elements occur in high concentrations in the studied area, which is influenced by both natural and anthropogenic factors. However, contamination with these elements is heterogeneous in the Małopolska and generally observed in its northwestern part. PCA showed that Cd and Pb had the greatest effect on the degree of soil contamination and pose the greatest potential threat to the soil environment. Heterocypris incongruens proved to be a more sensitive indicator of soil ecotoxicity compared to plant tests. The potential ecological risk index and biotests indicated that most of the soil samples had low potential ecological risk and low ecotoxicity. Conclusion The key to the effective assessment of soil contamination with trace elements is the combined use of geochemical, ecological, and ecotoxicological indices, which allows comprehensive monitoring of soil quality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution indices and biotests as useful tools for the evaluation of the degree of soil contamination by trace elements

Wieczorek

Baran

2021

J Soils Sediments

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“…2 confirmed the highest amount of contamination related to Pb (30), which is in line with the findings of the present study for these two indices regarding Pb. The results of the Igeo in the agricultural soils of Kamfiruz, Fars, Iran, showed that the soil was not contaminated with Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn; however, it was moderately contaminated with Cd and As (31). Knowledge of the concentration of heavy metals in the soil helps to discover the source of contamination in the study area (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metal Pollution in Surface Soils of Ahvaz, Iran, Using Pollution Indicators and Health Risk Assessment

et al. 2020

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Background & Aims of the Study: Heavy metals are among the most dangerous environmental pollutants entering the air, water, and soil through human and natural activities with the potential of poisoning, pathogenicity, and carcinogenicity to living organisms and humans. The current study aimed to determine the contamination of heavy metals, including lead, zinc, copper, arsenic, chromium, and cadmium, in the surface soils of Ahvaz, Iran, using pollution indicators and health risk assessment. Materials and Methods: Sampling of surface soils in Ahvaz with 227 soil samples was performed in August 2017 based on the regular networks of 1 × 1 km. The measurement of heavy metals was carried out by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Results: The mean concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Cd, and As in the surface soils of Ahvaz were reported as 180.99, 88.61, 185.13, 101.59, 5.63, and 8.97 mg/kg, respectively. Based on the contamination factor (CF), pollution index (PI), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), and ecological risk, the highest levels of pollution were related to Cd and Pb, and the lowest level was associated with Cr. The enrichment factor (EF) of heavy metals showed moderate contamination of Cr, high contamination levels of Cu, Cd, and As, and very high contamination levels of Pb and Zn. According to the Nemro Integrated Pollution Index (NIPI), 3% and 55% of the surface soils of Ahvaz showed high and low levels of pollution, respectively. The daily absorption of heavy metals through ingestion in children and adults was higher than that through respiration and dermal contact. The highest risk index was related to Cr and As through ingestion for children, and the lowest risk index was associated with Zn through respiration in adults. Conclusion:The levels of As, Cr, and Cd in the surface soil of Ahvaz were higher than the Iran soil standard values; however, the levels of Pb, Zn, and Cu were lower. Based on the CF, PI, Igeo, and ecological risk, the surface soils were highly contaminated with Cd and Pb. According to the EF, Pb and Zn showed the highest levels of contamination. Based on the NIPI, the pollution of heavy metals was reported at low levels. The highest and lowest values of metals carcinogenicity were related to Cr in children and Pb in adults, respectively.

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“…e risks, the degree of toxicity, and the persistence of the metals depend on the impact which soils receive by different anthropogenic activities. e use and application of geoaccumulation indexes (I geo ) will identify the source of pollutants and the degree of bioaccumulation in soil [34] (Figure 3).…”

Section: Evaluation Of Agricultural Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A trend like this was also revealed in another study of agricultural soil analysis. Rostami et al depict that agricultural soil was contaminated by Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn but was moderately contaminated by Cd and As when considering the I geo for the soil [34].…”

Section: Evaluation Of Agricultural Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Assessment of Trace Element Contamination in Drinking Water and Agricultural Soil: A Study in Selected Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu) Endemic Areas in Sri Lanka

Perera

Dayananda

Dissanayake

et al. 2021

Journal of Chemistry

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Unexplained or unclear etiology of chronic kidney disease (CKDu) has been reported in Sri Lanka’s North Central Province (NCP) for more than two decades. Meanwhile, high exposure to heavy metals/metalloids and their accumulation are recognized as the origin of many acute and chronic diseases in certain vulnerable human tissues including kidneys. This study evaluates the contamination status of heavy metals/metalloids of the drinking water and agricultural soil in two CKDu endemic areas compared with a reference area in Sri Lanka based on common indexes and attribute of the commonly used fertilizers evaluated to identify the basic sources of toxic metals in the agricultural soil. Mean concentrations of heavy metals/metalloids such as Mn, Co, As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, and Fe in drinking water of CKDu endemic areas were far below Sri Lankan water quality standards (permissible limits). In addition, all sampling locations dropped below the medium range of the heavy metal pollution index of water (HPI 15–40). Geoaccumulation indexes (Igeo) of soil reveal that paddy soil in CKDu endemic areas is being moderately polluted with toxic metals/metalloids such as As, Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr, Zn, and Cd. On the other hand, the application of fertilizers, which contained a high dose of toxic metals, could be the driving force for agricultural soil pollution, and limitless application of low-quality fertilizer would lead to more soil contamination with heavy metals. Hence, hazardous metals can be incorporated into the food chains via contaminated paddy soil.

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Environmental monitoring and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in farmland soils

Cited by 59 publications

References 30 publications

Pollution indices and biotests as useful tools for the evaluation of the degree of soil contamination by trace elements

Pollution indices and biotests as useful tools for the evaluation of the degree of soil contamination by trace elements

Heavy Metal Pollution in Surface Soils of Ahvaz, Iran, Using Pollution Indicators and Health Risk Assessment

Risk Assessment of Trace Element Contamination in Drinking Water and Agricultural Soil: A Study in Selected Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu) Endemic Areas in Sri Lanka

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