Environmental, morphological and physiological factors analyzes for optimization of potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) microtuber <i>in vitro</i> germination

Abstract

The microtuber is considered one of the most effective means of spreading basic materials, as well as transporting and preserving potato germplasm varieties. To define the optimal conditions for the potato microtuber in vitro germination of Aida, Atlas and Odessa varieties, the effects of temperature, physiological age and grade (size) were evaluated. The study conducted at three different temperature levels has demonstrated that the most favorable temperature for microtuber germination at a higher and faster germination rate was 25˚C, regardless of the variety. In addition, microtubers of large caliber, greater than 4 mm, germinate more quickly, with a higher germination rate, than smaller size ones (less than 4 mm) for all genotypes. For Atlas, Aida and Odessa varieties, a germination rate equal to 86.66%, 70% and 70% respectively, was obtained for microtubers with a caliber superior to 4 mm. Physiological age influences microtuber germination. The mean length of sprouts, reached after a 7 week incubation period, was more marked at "multiple sprout" and "branched sprout" stages than at a "monosprout" stage. The average length was 2.35 cm, 2.48 cm and 1.5 cm, respectively. Thus, it is necessary to plant microtubers at a "multiple sprout" stage to optimize their yield in plants and minitubers.

Agronomic performances of temporary immersion bioreactor-derived potato microtubers in a Peruvian low input cropping agriculture system

“…The highest emergence of sprouts observed in microtubers derived from bioreactors during the initial 30 days-vegetative growth stage must be related to the setting up of a series of particular biochemical, physiological and morphological processes leading to the induction of buds to ultimately give rise to new organs of the plant (Wattimena et al, 1983). This process is also influenced by environmental conditions and genotype (Dieme and Sy, 2013;Wróbel, 2015). It has been postulated that the size of tubers might influence the rate of emergence, however there are conflicting reports regarding this.…”

Overexpression of Golgi Protein CYP21-4s Improves Crop Productivity in Potato and Rice by Increasing the Abundance of Mannosidic Glycoproteins

“…Microtubers are an advantageous source of disease-free material for storage and transportation (Zheng et al, 2012 ). A great deal of research effort has been expanded to determine the best conditions for in vitro microtuber production; this work revealed that microtuberization is controlled by several factors such as photoperiod, sucrose, hormones and temperature (Vreugdenhil and Struik, 1989 ; Coleman et al, 2001 ; Dieme and Sy, 2013 ; Kumlay, 2014 ; Al-Hussaini et al, 2015 ). We performed in vitro propagation of microtubers to investigate whether CYP21-4 overexpression has a positive effect on the microtuberization process.…”