Environmental Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 and Disinfection of Work Surfaces in View of Pandemic Outbreak of COVID-19

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is primarily a respiratory illness, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The pandemic outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 across the world has been responsible for high morbidity and mortality, which emphasizes the role of the environment on virus persistence and propagation to the human population. Since environmental factors may play important roles in viral outbreaks, and the severity of the resulting diseases, it is essential to take into account the role of the environment in the COVID-19 pandemic. The SARS-CoV-2 may survive outside the human body from a few hours to a few days, depending upon environmental conditions, probably due to the relatively fragile envelope of the virus. The shedding and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in the environment on animate and inanimate objects contributes to the risk of indirect transmission of the virus to healthy individuals, emphasizing the importance of various disinfectants in reducing the viral load on environmental surface and subsequently control of SARS-CoV-2 in the human population.

Description of Leukocytes in Patients who are Positive for COVID-19 Infection

“…So, it can be concluded that transmission of SARS-CoV-2 can be through direct contact with droplets and aerosol particles, as well as contact with the surface of objects. 20 There are five stages of the virus life cycle in cells: attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation, and release. In the process (attachment), the virus will bind to the host cell's receptor, after which the virus will enter (penetrate) by endocytosis and membrane fusion.…”