Environmental pharmacology: A new discipline

Rahman, Syed Ziaur; Khan, Rahmat Ali

doi:10.4103/0253-7613.27017

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Sometimes occurs an oversight that the classic side effects are attributed to unidentified disease and a new drug is prescribed (25). Because of unnecessary new therapy (introducing the new drug treatment), the patient is at risk of new adverse reactions (26, 27, 28). This is particularly common in our country due to the constant changes in the essential drugs list.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Polypharmacy and Drug Interaction Among Hospitalized Patients: Opportunities and Responsabilities in Pharmaceutical Care

Trumic¹,

Pranjić²,

Begic³

et al. 2012

Mater Sociomed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Goal:Polypharmacy and drug-related problems (DRPs) have been shown to prevail in hospitalized patients. We evaluated the prevalence of polypharmacy; and investigated relationship between polypharmacy and: symptoms of DRPs, number of drugs and OTC, index of cumulative morbidity, length of exposure to polypharmacy and the number of days of hospital stay among hospitalized patients.Methodology:A study was performed in Pharmacies „Eufarm Edal“ Tuzla from 2010 to 2011. Polypharmacy was defined as using ≥ 3 drugs. The total study sample of 226 examiners were interviewed with special constructed questionnaires about DRPs. Experimental study group consisted of hospital patients with polypharmacy (n=166) and control group hospital patients without polypharmacy (n=60). Mann-Whitney test was used to test for significant self-reported symptom differences between groups and cross sectional subgroups, t- test and χ2- test for age, gender and treatment data in hospital.Results:The prevalence of polypharmacy was 74% among 226 hospitalized patients. The vulnerable age subgroup of hospitalized patients was men and hospitalized patients aged from 46 to 50 years (not geriatric patients). The prevalence of index of cumulative morbidity was 65%. The most common exposures varied by patient age and by hospital type, with various antibiotics, antidepressants, analgesics, sedatives, antihypertensives, flixotide, ranitidine and others. The prevalence of exposure to OTC and self- treatment was 80%. The prevalence of symptoms of drug-related problems were significantly differed among patients of experimental in relationship of control study group patients (P<0.001).Conclusion:In addition to helping to resolve the above mentioned issues, the results from this study could provide baseline information quantifying the problem of drug- related problems among hospitalized patients receiving polypharmacy and contribute to the formulation and implementation of risk management strategies for pharmacists and physicians in primary care health.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Polypharmacy and Drug Interaction Among Hospitalized Patients: Opportunities and Responsabilities in Pharmaceutical Care

Trumic¹,

Pranjić²,

Begic³

et al. 2012

Mater Sociomed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Richard and Cook even proposed a mechanistic approach to the exposure analysis for environmental risk assessment [9]. Some prominent examples of drugs causing harmful effects on environment are that of vultures' death after consuming carcasses of animals treated with Diclofenac sodium [10-12], Ethinyl estradiol adversely affecting fish through its "feminization" of males [13], antidepressant drugs like Fluoxetine (Prozac) triggering spawning in shellfish and traces of Cocaine detected in River Thames [14]. A few drugs are so synthesized that they tend to persist in the environment even after their excretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacoenvironmentology – a component of pharmacovigilance

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

According to WHO, Pharmacovigilance activities are done to monitor detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of any obnoxious adverse reactions to drugs at therapeutic concentration on animal and human beings. However, there is also a growing focus among scientists and environmentalists about the impact of drugs on environment and surroundings. The existing term 'Ecopharmacology' is too broad and not even defined in a clear manner. The term 'Pharmacoenvironmentology' seeks to deal with the environmental impact of drugs given to humans and animals at therapeutic doses.

show abstract

“…Be identifies other interactions between keystone species such as Diadema, bivalves, vertebrate detritus, mesoinvertebrates, etc. [6,[31][32][33][34][35][36], successfully. Thus, many food chains possess (5,4) 0.0 0.0667 (2,3) 0.0 0.0667 (6,4) 0.0 0.1 Z{Be) ^ 1 edges and their removal might hamper many tropic interactions [31].…”

Section: <Y(q)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Slow poisoning and destruction of networks: Edge proximity and its implications for biological and infrastructure networks

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We propose a network metric, edge proximity, P(e), which demonstrates the importance of specific edges in a network, hitherto not captured by existing network metrics. The effects of removing edges with high P(e) might initially seem inconspicuous but are eventually shown to be very harmful for networks. Compared to existing strategies, the removal of edges by P(e) leads to a remarkable increase in the diameter and average shortest path length in undirected real and random networks till the first disconnection and well beyond. P(e) can be consistently used to rupture the network into two nearly equal parts, thus presenting a very potent strategy to greatly harm a network. Targeting by P(e) causes notable efficiency loss in U.S. and European power grid networks. P(e) identifies proteins with essential cellular functions in protein-protein interaction networks. It pinpoints regulatory neural connections and important portions of the neural and brain networks, respectively. Energy flow interactions identified by P(e) form the backbone of long food web chains. Finally, we scrutinize the potential of P(e) in edge controllability dynamics of directed networks.

show abstract

Environmental pharmacology: A new discipline

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of Polypharmacy and Drug Interaction Among Hospitalized Patients: Opportunities and Responsabilities in Pharmaceutical Care

Prevalence of Polypharmacy and Drug Interaction Among Hospitalized Patients: Opportunities and Responsabilities in Pharmaceutical Care

Pharmacoenvironmentology – a component of pharmacovigilance

Slow poisoning and destruction of networks: Edge proximity and its implications for biological and infrastructure networks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About