This study examines how Jordan's economic development is impacted by sustainable entrepreneurship (SE), with an emphasis on the mediating function of environmental performances (EP). To be more precise, we look at how Jordanian entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial leadership, culture, and mentality support SE and ultimately impact economic development through EP. We use data gathered from a sample of 250 Jordanian entrepreneurs to evaluate our assumptions using a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling technique. According to our research, SE significantly and favourably influences EP, which in turn mediates the relationship between SE and economic development. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that Jordanian entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial leadership, culture, and mentality all have a favourable impact on SE. Policymakers, business owners, and other stakeholders interested in advancing sustainable economic development in Jordan should take note of these results. Our research emphasises how critical it is to create an entrepreneurial ecosystem that supports entrepreneurs' sustainable leadership, culture, and way of thinking. Furthermore, our results imply that Jordan's economic development may benefit from initiatives to enhance EP, offering policymakers a possible way to encourage sustainable entrepreneurship. Overall, by analysing EP's mediating role in the relationship between SE and economic development, this study adds to the body of knowledge on sustainable entrepreneurship and offers insightful information to practitioners and policymakers who wish to support sustainable economic development in Jordan.