Environmental response to decreased dioxin and furan loadings from British Columbia coastal pulp mills

Hagen, Merethe; Colodey, A. G.; Knapp, Wayne; Samis, Steve C

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(97)00420-7

Cited by 25 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The current decreases in the levels of PCDD/Fs, PCBs and HCB are in accordance with recent results reported by a number of authors Hagen et al 1997;Gonza´lez et al 1998;Glynn et al 2000). Moreover, in a previous study performed with a non-occupationally exposed population living in the same area in which the HWI is placed (Constantı´, Catalonia, Spain), the mean level of PCDD/Fs was 27.0 pg I-TEQ/g lipid (Schuhmacher et al 1999a), which is noticeably higher that the current mean concentration of PCDD/F in workers at the HWI, 16.9 pg I-TEQ/g lipid.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Biological monitoring of metals and organic substances in hazardous-waste incineration workers

Schuhmacher

Domingo

Agramunt

et al. 2002

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

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The lack of differences between the current levels of metals and organic substances and the respective baseline concentrations, together with the absence of differences depending on the workplace indicate that the potential exposure of HWI workers to the analyzed compounds was insignificant. According to these results, 1 year of potential exposure to the above metals and organic substances would not mean any specific health problem for the workers at the HWI.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Biological monitoring of metals and organic substances in hazardous-waste incineration workers

Schuhmacher

Domingo

Agramunt

et al. 2002

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

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Section: Chlorinated Organic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in bleach plant effluents, bleached paper products, sediments of the receiving waters, and fish living in the recipient water bodies Clement et al 1989;Lacorte et al 2003). The elimination of dibenzofuran and dibenzo-p-dioxin from defoamer products, the exclusion of chlorophenol-contaminated wood chips, and the introduction of chlorine dioxide bleaching have dramatically decreased the production of PCDD and PCDF in the P&P effluents (Hagen et al 1997;Yunker et al 2002).Other chlorinated and non-chlorinated substances that are released from pulp mills include planar aromatic compounds, which can be characterized as alkylated polychlorodibenzofurans, alkyl polychlorobiphenyls, and alkyl polychlorophenanthrenes (Paasivirta 1988;Wiberg et al 1989). Their levels are orders of magnitude higher than those of dioxins and furans in pulp mill effluents, several nanograms per gram in dry weight (Paasivirta 1991).…”

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confidence: 99%

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Hubbe

Metts

Hermosilla

et al. 2016

BioRes

194

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The pulp and paper (P&P) industry worldwide has achieved substantial progress in treating both process water and wastewater, thus limiting the discharge of pollutants to receiving waters. This review covers a variety of wastewater treatment methods, which provide P&P companies with costeffective ways to limit the release of biological or chemical oxygen demand, toxicity, solids, color, and other indicators of pollutant load. Conventional wastewater treatment systems, often comprising primary clarification followed by activated sludge processes, have been widely implemented in the P&P industry. Higher levels of pollutant removal can be achieved by supplementary treatments, which can include anaerobic biological stages, advanced oxidation processes, bioreactors, and membrane filtration technologies. Improvements in the performance of wastewater treatment operations often can be achieved by effective measurement technologies and by strategic addition of agents including coagulants, flocculants, filter aids, and optimized fungal or bacterial cultures. In addition, P&P mills can implement upstream process changes, including dissolved-air-flotation (DAF) systems, filtration save-alls, and kidney-like operations to purify process waters, thus reducing the load of pollutants and the volume of effluent being discharged to end-of-pipe wastewater treatment plants. Keywords: Wastewater treatment; Pulp and paper manufacturing; Advanced oxidation; Membrane technologies; Clarification; Activated sludgeContact information: a: North Carolina State University, Dept. of Forest Biomaterials, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC 29695-8005; b: WestRock Company, Water and Waste Treatment, 600 S 8th St, Fernandina Beach, FL 32034; c: Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, University of Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria, E-42004 Soria, Spain; d: Complutense University of Madrid, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ingn. Quim, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria s/n,S-N, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; e: Concordia University, Dept. Bldg. Civil & Environm. Engn., 1455 Maisonneuve Blvd, West Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada; f: University of Jyväskylä, Dept. Chem., Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; g: Department of Biology, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; h: Department of Environment and Planning, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, Aveiro & Department of Materials and Ceramics, Institute of Materials, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; i: FPInnovations, 570 St. Jean Blvd., Pointe Claire, PQ H9R 3J9, Canada; * Corresponding author: hubbe@ncsu.edu Contents of the Article INTRODUCTIONThe pulp and paper (P&P) industry occupies a challenging position with respect to the natural environment. On the positive side, the industry is based on the usage of renewable, photosynthetic resources. On the other hand, the industry discharges huge quantities of aqueous effluents. Large volumes (up to 70 m 3 ) of wastewater ...

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“…Polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in pinniped species have declined since the 1970s, as source control and regulations served to reduce inputs into the environment [10]. Before national controls, both PCDDs and PCDFs were formed as by-products of pulp and paper mill processes [11], but they also can be formed as by-products of combustion [12]. Assessing PCB, PCDD, and PCDF exposure is an important part of marine wildlife conservation, because these compounds have been associated with effects on the immune and endocrine systems of marine mammals [13][14][15][16], which can compromise survival and reproduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Galapagos Sea Lions (Zalophus wollebaeki)

Alava

Ikonomou

Ross

et al. 2009

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) were measured in muscle-blubber biopsy samples from 21 Galapagos sea lion (Zalophus wollebaeki) pups that were live captured in the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) using gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. Only traces of PBDEs were detected in one male pup, whereas PCDDs and PCDFs were not detected in any sample. The total concentration of PCBs (ΣPCB) in the pups averaged 104 μg/kg lipid (range, 49-384 μg/kg). No statistically significant differences in ΣPCB were observed among the four study sites in the Galapagos Islands. Concentrations of PCB congeners in Galapagos sea lion pups were dominated by low-molecular-weight congeners. These results suggest that global transport is the main source for PCBs in Galapagos sea lions. The ΣPCB levels were below immunotoxic and endocrine-disruption thresholds in pinnipeds, suggesting a limited risk of adverse health effects. The present study indicates that Galapagos sea lions can serve as a useful sentinel of pollutants with a long-range transport capacity and that Galapagos Islands are not exempt from the threats of global pollutants despite its remote locale.

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Environmental response to decreased dioxin and furan loadings from British Columbia coastal pulp mills

Cited by 25 publications

References 5 publications

Biological monitoring of metals and organic substances in hazardous-waste incineration workers

Biological monitoring of metals and organic substances in hazardous-waste incineration workers

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Polychlorinated Biphenyls and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Galapagos Sea Lions (Zalophus wollebaeki)

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