Environmental Risk Assessment Studies of Heavy Metal Contamination in the Industrial Area of Kattedan, India—A Case Study

Abstract

Kattedan is an industrial area near Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India, contaminated with high concentrations of metals attributed to industrial sources (battery manufacturing, metal plating, textile and pharmaceuticals production and others). Twelve different locations in the Kattedan industrial area were assessed for concentrations of metals (Zn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, Hg, Cd, and As) in soils, waters, and vegetation. Application of sequential extraction technique for the soils revealed relatively high percentages of Zn, Cu, and Cr associated with mobile fractions, and correspondingly high concentrations of Zn, Cr, Cu, and Pb in forage grass samples and a high degree of bioavailability to humans. Human exposure assessment revealed high concentrations of Pb, Zn, and Cr in blood and urine samples from the residents of the study area showing a direct pathway and a potential for toxicological hazard due to heavy metal pollution.

Determining the anthropogenic contribution of heavy metal accumulations around a typical industrial town: Xushe, China

“…The contribution of metals to environmental pollution from traffic, agricultural and mining processes as well as industrial emissions had been the main subjects of many studies in recent years (Al-Khashman and Shawabkeh, 2006;Cicchella et al, 2008aCicchella et al, , 2008bLi et al, 2008a;Manta et al, 2002;Rehman et al, 2008;Sekhar et al, 2006;Zhou et al, 2007). Anthropogenic activities release metals into the atmosphere, which subsequently deposit into the soils nearby.…”

Phytoremediation Crops and Biofuels

“…Major contaminated sites in Greater Hyderabad = Tri cities (Hyderabad, Secunderabad and Cyberabad) H Hussain Sagar, J Jawaharnagar, K Katteda M Musi river, N Nakkavagu, P Patancheru Bholakpur area - Abdul et al (2012) Municipal solid waste dumping sites -Jawaharnagar - Ahmed et al 2011;Parth et al 2009Parth et al , 2011 Industrial waste contaminated areas - Ahmed et al (2011), Balanagar, Machender et al (2011 Kattedan - Sekhar et al (2006), Govil et al (2008Govil et al ( , 2012 Hussainsagar lake sediments -PTE -Gurunadha Rao et al (2004Rao et al ( , 2008, Jain et al (2010), Suneela et al (2008), Vikram Reddy et al (2012 Industrially contaminated sites of Hyderabad -Sekhar et al (2003 Patancheru Industrial Area - Dasaram et al (2011), Govil et al (2001 …”

<b>Metal concentration of liquid effluents and surroundings of a Pharmaceutical industry</b>

“…0.5 g of each soil sediment and plant part sample was weighed using Mettler AE 160 balance in 50 mL beakers. 5.0 mL concentrated HCl, HNO 3 , HClO 4 and HF were added in that order to each of the samples. The beakers containing each of the samples were placed on the heater for about 3 h [5].…”

“…The industries involved were battery manufacturing, metal plating, textile and pharmaceuticals production and others. Samples examined were soils and forage grass as well as human exposure assessment [4]. Some of the metals under study are also known to be deleterious, e.g.…”