Environmental risk factors for breast cancer among African-American women

Wolff, Mary S.; Britton, Julie A.; Wilson, Valerie P.

doi:10.1002/cncr.11023

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 209 publications

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“…Whereas girls in sub-Saharan Africa are known to menstruate at ~15 years,17 the average age of menarche, based on NHANES III data, was 12.6 years in WA and 12.1 years in AA 31. Since AA girls tend to begin menstruating approximately (1/2) year earlier than their WA counterparts and a few years earlier than in Africa, this earlier menarche could explain, to some degree, the higher premenopausal rates of BC in AA compared with other groups 22,32. In our study, the median age of menarche was 13 years in cases and controls, or almost a year older than in AA and was not a significant factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for breast cancer in a black population—The Barbados National Cancer Study

Nemesure

Hambleton

et al. 2008

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The Barbados National Cancer Study (BNCS) is a nationwide case‐control study investigating environmental and genetic factors for breast cancer (BC) in a predominantly African‐origin population with similar ancestry as African‐Americans. This report evaluates associations of incident BC in the BNCS to various factors, including demographic, anthropometric, reproductive and family history variables, not investigated previously in this population. The BNCS included 241 incident BC cases and 481 age‐matched female controls, with mean ages of 57 and 56 years, respectively. In addition to a reported family history of BC in a close relative [odds ratios (OR) = 3.74, 95% CI (1.41, 9.90) in a parent; OR = 3.26 (1.47, 7.21) in a sibling], other factors associated with BC were older age at first full‐term pregnancy [OR = 1.04 (1.00, 1.07)] and having a history of benign breast disease [OR = 1.88 (1.19, 2.99)]. Increased parity reduced the risk of BC [OR = 0.34 (0.15, 0.77) among those with ≥3 children]. The reproductive patterns of African‐Barbadian (AB) women tended to differ from those of African‐American (AA) women (later age of menarche, earlier age at first pregnancy, higher frequency of lactation and infrequent use of exogenous hormones) and could help to explain their considerably lower postmenopausal incidence of BC. The relationship between reported family history and BC, combined with the associations noted for several reproductive and other variables, supports the genetic and environmental contributions to BC, which may vary in populations across the African diaspora. Further investigations of other populations may clarify these issues. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for breast cancer in a black population—The Barbados National Cancer Study

Nemesure

Hambleton

et al. 2008

Intl Journal of Cancer

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“…Among females, AAW are known to be different than non-AAW in several demographic, psychosocial, and physiological characteristics (Ahmed, Brown, Gary, & Saadatmand, 1994; Andrews, Felton, Ellen Wewers, Waller, & Tingen, 2007; Clemens, Klesges, Slawson, & Bush, 2003; Collins, et al, 2004; Delva, et al, 2006; Ensminger, Smith, Juon, Pearson, & Robertson, 2009; Harrell & Gore, 1998; King, et al, 2006; Manson, Sammel, Freeman, & Grisso, 2001; Rosenberg, Palmer, Rao, & Adams-Campbell, 2002; Sartor, et al, 2009; Wolff, Britton, & Wilson, 2003). Similarly, within the African American population, psychosocial and physiological factors differ between women and their male counterparts (Artinian, Washington, Flack, Hockman, & Jen, 2006; Fox, et al, 2004; King, et al, 1999; Lockery & Stanford, 1996; Murtaugh, Borde-Perry, Campbell, Gidding, & Falkner, 2002; Nollen, Catley, Davies, Hall, & Ahluwalia, 2005; Pulvers, et al, 2004; Qureshi, Suri, Zhou, & Divani, 2006; Savoca, et al, 2009; Woods, Harris, Ahluwalia, Schmelzle, & Mayo, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, determinants, and consequences of cigarette smoking in African American women: An integrative review

Mickens¹,

Ameringer²,

Brightman³

et al. 2010

Addictive Behaviors

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Tobacco smoking is a national public health problem that has been associated with numerous adverse health effects, including increased disease and cancer rates. Previous review articles on smoking in specific demographic populations have focused on smoking in women and on smoking in African Americans, but have not considered the dual roles of ethnicity and gender in smoking behavior. African American women (AAW) are an important subgroup to study because they are distinct from non-AAW and their male African American counterparts on biosychosocial factors that are relevant to smoking behavior. The purpose of the present review paper is to integrate and summarize the current literature on the epidemiology, determinants, and consequences of cigarette smoking among AAW, by contrasting them to relevant comparison groups (non-AAW and African American men). Evidence suggests that AAW are generally more likely to be light smokers and initiate smoking later. The prevalence rates of AAW smokers have decreased over the past 25 years, yet AAW are disproportionately affected by several smoking-related illnesses when compared to their ethnic and gender comparison groups. AAW smokers are distinct from relevant comparison groups in metabolic sensitivity to nicotine, aspects of smoking topography, and several psychosocial factors that influence smoking. Although a small literature on smoking in AAW is emerging, further empirical research of AAW smokers could inform the development of tailored interventions for AAW.

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“…African-American women exert a different risk profile for breast cancer, depending on social, environmental, and genetic factors. As compared to Caucasians, AfricanAmerican women have a higher breast cancer incidence before menopause, a lower incidence rate in the postmenopause, and a more aggressive biology associated with poorer prognosis in all age groups [34][35][36]. Gene polymorphisms should be assessed separately in patients with different ethnic background, since allele frequencies and effects of gene polymorphisms can vary depending on ethnicity [36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The 811 C/T polymorphism in the 3′ untranslated region of the selenoprotein 15-kDa (Sep15) gene and breast cancer in Caucasian women

et al. 2015

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The 15-kDa selenoprotein (Sep15) is a selenocysteine-containing oxidoreductase in the endoplasmic reticulum that participates in disulfide-bond formation and protein folding control. The 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) contains two exclusively linked, polymorphic sites at positions 811 (C/T) and 1125 (G/A), which result in two functional haplotypes: 811C/1125G or 811T/1125A. The 811T/1125A variant occurs significantly more often in African-Americans as compared to Caucasians and has been linked to increased breast cancer risk in black women. We studied the 811C/T (rs5845) Sep15 gene polymorphism in 182 Caucasian women-83 breast cancer cases and 99 healthy controls-by pyrosequencing and polymerase chain reaction. Associations between allelic variants and clinico-pathological variables (e.g., age, stage of disease, tumor type, grading, and receptor status) were investigated. The genotype distribution in breast cancer patients (CC 63.9 %, CT 33.7 %, TT 2.4 %) and controls (69.7 %, CT 28.3 %, TT 2 %) showed no significant difference (OR 0.77, 95 % CI 0.41-1.42, p = 0.4). The overall low prevalence of the T allele was in accordance with that reported for Caucasians in previous studies. There was no significant association between 811C/T Sep15 polymorphism and any of clinico-pathological parameters. In conclusion, we are the first to report on 811C/T SEP 15 polymorphism in white breast cancer patients. Genotype variation within the 3'-UTR of the SEP 15 gene showed no association with breast cancer risk or clinico-pathological parameters in Caucasian women.

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Environmental risk factors for breast cancer among African-American women

Cited by 23 publications

References 209 publications

Risk factors for breast cancer in a black population—The Barbados National Cancer Study

Risk factors for breast cancer in a black population—The Barbados National Cancer Study

Epidemiology, determinants, and consequences of cigarette smoking in African American women: An integrative review

The 811 C/T polymorphism in the 3′ untranslated region of the selenoprotein 15-kDa (Sep15) gene and breast cancer in Caucasian women

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