Environmental sampling of volatile organic compounds during the 2018 Camp Fire in Northern California

Simms, Leslie A.; Borras, Eva; Chew, Bradley S.; Matsui, Bruno; McCartney, Mitchell M.; Kenyon, Nicholas J.; Davis, Cristina E.

doi:10.1016/j.jes.2020.10.003

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…UCI WAS measured in Williams Flats ranged from 0.02 to 8 ppbv (NASA, 2020 ). In the CAMP fire in California, benzene was measured at a maximum of 1.5 ppbv (Simms et al., 2021 ). The variability between these results can be due to many causes, especially the proximity of the sampling to the fire.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Simms et al. ( 2021 ) benzene concentration results were from a residential area. UCI WAS samples were from aerial plumes collected via aircraft.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The variability between these results can be due to many causes, especially the proximity of the sampling to the fire. The Simms et al (2021) benzene concentration results were from a residential area. UCI WAS samples were from aerial plumes collected via aircraft.…”

Section: Spatial Distribution Of Benzene In Firesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health Risk Implications of Volatile Organic Compounds in Wildfire Smoke During the 2019 FIREX‐AQ Campaign and Beyond

et al. 2022

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Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality was a NOAA/NASA collaborative campaign conducted during the summer of 2019. The objectives included identifying and quantifying wildfire composition, smoke evolution, and climate and health impacts of wildfires and agricultural fires in the United States. Ground based mobile sampling via sorbent tubes occurred at the Nethker and Williams Flats fires (2019) and Chief Timothy and Whitetail Loop fires (2020) in Idaho and Washington. Air samples were analyzed through thermal desorption‐gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry for a variety of volatile organic compounds to elucidate both composition and health impacts. Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, butenes, phenol, isoprene and pinenes were observed in the wildfire smoke, with benzene ranging from 0.04 to 25 ppbv. Health risk was assessed for each fire by determining sub‐chronic (wildfire event) and projected chronic inhalation risk exposure from benzene, a carcinogen, as well as other non‐carcinogenic compounds including toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes, and hexane. The cancer risk of benzene from sub‐chronic exposure was 1 extra cancer per million people and ranged from 1 to 19 extra cancers per million people for the projected chronic scenarios, compared to a background level of 1 extra cancer per million people. The hazard index of non‐carcinogenic compounds was less than one for all scenarios and wildfires sampled, which was considered low risk for non‐cancer health events.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Simms et al. ( 2021 ) benzene concentration results were from a residential area. UCI WAS samples were from aerial plumes collected via aircraft.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health Risk Implications of Volatile Organic Compounds in Wildfire Smoke During the 2019 FIREX‐AQ Campaign and Beyond

et al. 2022

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“…Smoke from the wildfire traveled over 4800 kilometers, and air pollution was severe in Northern California for weeks. The burning of structures and infrastructure in the area resulted in the release of asbestos, volatile organic compounds, heavy metals, arsenic, dioxins, and other hazardous materials into the air [ 25 ]. Importantly, many of these contaminants also likely found their way into drinking water systems and local watersheds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pentachlorophenol has significant adverse effects on hematopoietic and immune system development in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

et al. 2022

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In November 2018, the Camp Fire devastated the mountain community of Paradise, CA. The burning of plastic pipes, wiring, construction materials, paint, and car batteries released toxic chemicals into the environment, contaminating the air, soil, and local waterways. Examples of toxins that were identified in the creeks and waterways in and around Paradise included pentachlorophenol (PCP), chrysene, and polyaromatic hydrocarbons. The effects of some of these chemicals on embryonic development, hematopoiesis (blood formation), and the immune system have not been thoroughly studied. Defining safe levels and the long-term effects of exposure is imperative to understanding and mitigating potential negative future outcomes. To perform these studies, we utilized zebrafish (Danio rerio), a commonly used vertebrate model system to study development. We observed the adverse effects of PCP on the development of zebrafish by using fluorescence microscopy, and saw that increased concentrations of PCP decreased the numbers of normal red blood cells and myeloid cells. Additionally, we observed that animal survival decreased in response to increasing concentrations of PCP. Furthermore, the prevalence of characteristic physical deformities such as tail curvature were greater in the treatment groups. Lastly, runx1, cmyb, and cd41 expression was reduced in fish treated with PCP. These results suggest that PCP has a previously underappreciated effect on blood and immune cell development and future studies should be performed to determine the molecular mechanisms involved.

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“…Simms et al fabricated a volatile organic compound air sampler that could be attached to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to collect and identify compounds given off during fires [ 204 ]. A stationary version was used during five days of the 2018 Camp Fire in Davis, California, and the mobile version was tested during a simulated fire.…”

Section: Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpol review of fire debris analysis and fire investigation 2019–2022

Evans¹

2023

Forensic Science International: Synergy

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Environmental sampling of volatile organic compounds during the 2018 Camp Fire in Northern California

Cited by 17 publications

References 33 publications

Health Risk Implications of Volatile Organic Compounds in Wildfire Smoke During the 2019 FIREX‐AQ Campaign and Beyond

Health Risk Implications of Volatile Organic Compounds in Wildfire Smoke During the 2019 FIREX‐AQ Campaign and Beyond

Pentachlorophenol has significant adverse effects on hematopoietic and immune system development in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Interpol review of fire debris analysis and fire investigation 2019–2022

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