“…The groundwork for this advance was laid, at least in part, by developments in computing technologies and ML improvements in other domains such as computer vision and image processing. A few examples of acoustical ML problems include the recognition and interpretation of human speech (Graves et al, 2013;Hinton et al, 2012;Nassif et al, 2019), classification of animal vocalizations (Acevedo et al, 2009;Aide et al, 2013;Bermant et al, 2019;Hildebrand et al, 2019;Moln ar et al, 2008;Shiu et al, 2020;Vickers et al, 2021), classification of music genre (Costa et al, 2017;Fu et al, 2011;Tzanetakis and Cook, 2002), localization of sound sources (Adavanne et al, 2019;Ferguson et al, 2018;Niu et al, 2017a,b;Sun et al, 2018), inference from physical acoustic measurements (Abord an and Szab o, 2021; Bianco and Gerstoft, 2017;Li et al, 2021;Piccolo et al, 2019), and classification of acoustic scenes and events (Abeßer, 2020;Mesaros et al, 2018;Miyazaki et al, 2019).…”