2017
DOI: 10.1128/aem.03406-16
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Environmental Surveillance of Norovirus Genogroups I and II for Sensitive Detection of Epidemic Variants

Abstract: Sewage samples have been investigated to study the norovirus concentrations in sewage or the genotypes of noroviruses circulating in human populations. However, the statistical relationship between the concentration of the virus and the number of infected individuals and the clinical importance of genotypes or strains detected in sewage are unclear. In this study, we carried out both environmental and clinical surveillance of noroviruses for 3 years, 2013 to 2016. We performed cross-correlation analysis of the… Show more

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Cited by 96 publications
(72 citation statements)
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“…However, there have been only limited studies reporting genotype distribution of these viruses in water samples (Kitajima et al 2010a(Kitajima et al , 2011aSano et al 2011;Haramoto and Kitajima 2017). We conceived the present study because usefulness of virus monitoring in wastewater for understanding viral epidemiology has been demonstrated for other waterborne pathogenic viruses, such as noroviruses and hepatitis A virus (Hellm er et al 2014;Kazama et al 2017).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, there have been only limited studies reporting genotype distribution of these viruses in water samples (Kitajima et al 2010a(Kitajima et al , 2011aSano et al 2011;Haramoto and Kitajima 2017). We conceived the present study because usefulness of virus monitoring in wastewater for understanding viral epidemiology has been demonstrated for other waterborne pathogenic viruses, such as noroviruses and hepatitis A virus (Hellm er et al 2014;Kazama et al 2017).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The general trend is that the dominance of environmental strains differ from strains in the host. Due to the inherent difficulty in finding a correlation between environmental contamination and cases of infection, microbiological monitoring of the environment might be more helpful for source tracking and water safety control rather than risk assessment [47,48]. In addition, limited waterborne viral outbreaks usually occurred at distance from the original source of contamination.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Only samples with MgV recovery efficiencies above 1% were considered for quantification (Miura et al, 2016). We used the MgV recovery efficiency as a quality assurance parameter only and did not use to adjust test results (Kazama et al, 2017).…”
Section: Ss Ph and Electrical Conductivity The Concentration Of Sumentioning
confidence: 99%