Environmental Toxicity Assessment of the Spilled Ajka Red Mud in Soil Microcosms for Its Potential Utilisation as Soil Ameliorant

Ujaczki, Éva; Klebercz, Orsolya; Feigl, Viktória; Molnár, Mónika; Magyar, Ádám; Uzinger, Nikolett; Gruiz, Katalin

doi:10.3311/ppch.7839

Cited by 41 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, the elevated CFU was preserved only at 5% RM dose until the 8 th month. Based on chemical, biological and ecotoxicological results Ujaczki et al, 2015 concluded that RM could be mixed at up to 5% into the soil without any mid-term adverse effect on the Ajka soil as natural habitat. This finding substantiated the recommended remediation option in the area: excavation of the RM flooded soil together with the overlain RM layer and storing of the excavated red mud and soil mixture (RMSM) in Ajka behind the red mud storage area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modeling the effects of the RM spill in Ajka Ujaczki et al, 2015 found that the aerobic heterotrophic cell counts (CFU) increased upon max. 40% RM dose into the Ajka soil 2 months after addition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sandy soils, with little or no nutrient or water holding capacity could benefit from the uses of red mud as soil ameliorant (McPharlin et al, 1994, Barrow, 1982, Ujaczki et al, 2015, Ujaczki et al, 2016 due to the presence of sodalite in red mud, with an estimated cation exchange capacity (CEC) that exceeds the CEC of most natural clays. In addition, the alkaline nature of red mud can be used to raise the pH of organic or acidic soils (Summers et al, 1996, Snars et al, 2004, which tend to suffer from Al phytotoxicity (Alva et al, 2002).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, due to red mud mineralogy (iron and aluminium oxides, hydroxides) it can increase the phosphorus retention of sandy soils adsorbing phosphate (Summers et al, 1993, Summers andPech, 1997), thus reducing phosphate leaching and preventing eutrophication, and creating a phosphate pool that is available to plants and soil microorganisms. However, the alkalinity, the trace metal content and the naturally occurring radioactive material content of red mud may pose significant environmental risks (Akinci andArtir, 2008, Klauber et al, 2011), therefore its careful application is recommended in soil (Ruyters et al, 2011, Ujaczki et al, 2015, 2016a, Mayes et al, 2016.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Influence of red mud on soil microbial communities: Application and comprehensive evaluation of the Biolog EcoPlate approach as a tool in soil microbiological studies

Feigl

Ujaczki

Vaszita

et al. 2017

Science of The Total Environment

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132

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Red mud can be applied as soil ameliorant to acidic, sandy and micronutrient deficient soils. There are still knowledge gaps regarding the effects of red mud on the soil microbial community. The Biolog EcoPlate technique is a promising tool for community level physiological profiling. This study presents a detailed evaluation of Biolog EcoPlate data from two case studies. In experiment "A" red mud from Ajka (Hungary) was mixed into acidic sandy soil in soil microcosms at 5-50 w/w%. In experiement "B" red mud soil mixture was mixed into low quality subsoil in a field experiment at 5-50 w/w%. According to average well color development, substrate average well color development and substrate richness 5-20% red mud increased the microbial activity of the acidic sandy soil over the short term, but the effect did not last for 10 months. Shannon diversity index showed that red mud at up to 20% did not change microbial diversity over the short term, but the diversity decreased by the 10 th month. 30-50% red mud had deteriorating effect on the soil microflora. 5-20% red mud soil mixture in the low quality subsoil had a long lasting enhancing effect on the microbial community based on all Biolog EcoPlate parameters. However, 50% red mud soil mixture caused a decrease in diversity and substrate richness. With the Biolog EcoPlate we were able to monitor the changes of the microbial community in red mud affected soils and to assess the amount of red mud and red mud soil mixture applicable for soil treatment in these cases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of red mud on soil microbial communities: Application and comprehensive evaluation of the Biolog EcoPlate approach as a tool in soil microbiological studies

Feigl

Ujaczki

Vaszita

et al. 2017

Science of The Total Environment

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132

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“…The luminescence intensity was measured with Fluostar Optima microplate reader after 30, 60 and 120 min of contact time. The evaluations of the results were carried out as described by Ujaczki et al [43]. Copper sulphate was used as standard toxicant in all experiments, to check the sensitivity of the Aliivibrio fischeri culture.…”

Section: Test Methods and Evaluation 231 Aliivibrio Fischeri Biolummentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Aquatic Ecosystem: A Comparative Ecotoxicity Study with Test Organisms of Different Trophic Levels

Fekete-Kertész

Maros

Gruiz

et al. 2016

Period. Polytech. Chem. Eng.

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Ecotoxicity characterization assisted performance assessment of electro‐bioremediation reactors for nitrate and arsenite elimination

Fekete‐Kertész,

Pous,

Feigl

et al. 2023

Biotech & Bioengineering

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The performance of combined reduction of nitrate (NO3−) to dinitrogen gas (N2) and oxidation of arsenite (As[III]) to arsenate (As[V]) by a bioelectrochemical system was assessed, supported by ecotoxicity characterization. For the comprehensive toxicity characterization of the untreated model groundwater and the treated reactor effluents, a problem‐specific ecotoxicity test battery was established. The performance of the applied technology in terms of toxicity and target pollutant elimination was compared and analyzed. The highest toxicity attenuation was achieved under continuous flow mode with hydraulic retention time (HRT) = 7.5 h, with 95%, nitrate removal rate and complete oxidation of arsenite to arsenate. Daphnia magna proved to be the most sensitive test organism. The results of the D. magna lethality test supported the choice of the ideal operational conditions based on chemical data analysis. The outcomes of the study demonstrated that the applied technology was able to improve the groundwater quality in terms of both chemical and ecotoxicological characteristics. The importance of ecotoxicity evaluation was also highlighted, given that significant target contaminant elimination did not necessarily lower the environmental impact of the initial, untreated medium, in addition, anomalies might occur during the technology operational process which in some instances, could result in elevated toxicity levels.

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Environmental Toxicity Assessment of the Spilled Ajka Red Mud in Soil Microcosms for Its Potential Utilisation as Soil Ameliorant

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 41 publications

References 37 publications

Influence of red mud on soil microbial communities: Application and comprehensive evaluation of the Biolog EcoPlate approach as a tool in soil microbiological studies

Influence of red mud on soil microbial communities: Application and comprehensive evaluation of the Biolog EcoPlate approach as a tool in soil microbiological studies

The Effect of TiO2 Nanoparticles on the Aquatic Ecosystem: A Comparative Ecotoxicity Study with Test Organisms of Different Trophic Levels

Ecotoxicity characterization assisted performance assessment of electro‐bioremediation reactors for nitrate and arsenite elimination

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