2015
DOI: 10.1007/s11367-015-0942-3
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

Environmental trade-offs across cascading lithium-ion battery life cycles

Abstract: Purpose The purpose of this study was to analyze the environmental trade-offs of cascading reuse of electric vehicle (EV) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in stationary energy storage at automotive end-of-life. Methods Two systems were jointly analyzed to address the consideration of stakeholder groups corresponding to both first (EV) and second life (stationary energy storage) battery applications. The environmental feasibility criterion was defined by an equivalent-functionality lead-acid (PbA) battery. A critic… Show more

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
1
1

Citation Types

2
121
1
2

Year Published

2016
2016
2023
2023

Publication Types

Select...
8
1

Relationship

0
9

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 151 publications
(155 citation statements)
references
References 54 publications
2
121
1
2
Order By: Relevance
“…A large-scale adoption of EVs will potentially affect reserves of these minerals, and extensive and efficient recycling systems, which are currently poorly developed, will be needed [405]. Other authors have focused on the reuse of EV batteries for stationary storage as a way of minimizing LC impacts [406][407][408][409], but have not analyzed the effect of delaying scrapping in future resource availability. Toxicity impacts resulting from mining processes associated with the production of electric powertrain components are also an area of concern [370], [374].…”
Section: Factors Influencing the Environmental Impacts Of Electric Vementioning
confidence: 99%
“…A large-scale adoption of EVs will potentially affect reserves of these minerals, and extensive and efficient recycling systems, which are currently poorly developed, will be needed [405]. Other authors have focused on the reuse of EV batteries for stationary storage as a way of minimizing LC impacts [406][407][408][409], but have not analyzed the effect of delaying scrapping in future resource availability. Toxicity impacts resulting from mining processes associated with the production of electric powertrain components are also an area of concern [370], [374].…”
Section: Factors Influencing the Environmental Impacts Of Electric Vementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The repurposing has been described as 'cascading reuse' in the life-cycle literature, and requires allocating the environmental burden across multiple uses. Various procedures have been proposed for allocation, including 'quality based', 'cut-off', and '50/50' (Richa et al 2015). The use of vehicle-to-grid storage would similarly entail allocation across multiple uses.…”
Section: Embodied Energy Of Vre and Storagementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Second-life applications are, however, found to be not always beneficial from an environmental point of view, because impacts are dependent on the carbon intensity of the electricity mix and on additional efficiency losses in the batteries. 95 In addition, Richa et al 96 investigated environmental effects when cascading lithium-ion battery life cycles and reported reductions in the net cumulative energy demand and in the carbon footprint by 15% under conservative estimates and by as much as 70% under ideal refurbishment and reuse conditions. However, before the widespread adoption of second-life applications, chemistry and construction of lithium-ion battery cells may need optimization.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%