Environmental Transformation of the State: The USA, Norway, Germany and the UK

Dryzek, John S.; Hunold, Christian; Schlosberg, David; Downes, David; Hernes, Hans‐Kristian

doi:10.1111/1467-9248.00001

Cited by 103 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, the possibility of countries deliberately choosing the role of being either an innovator or a laggard in environmental protection (e.g. the US, Japan, the UK or, more recently, Denmark) reveals a range of options that contradicts the argument of a general weakening of the nation state (Dryzek et al, 2002;Andresen and Agrawala, 2002;Weidner and Jänicke, 2002).…”

Section: Environmental Policy Innovation As Well As Regression Is Caumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Today they are especially important if it comes to explaining a political roll-back, or the under-exploitation of a given capacity. Examples are the US under Reagan and Bush (junior), Japan during the 'bubble' crises after the mid-1980s (Dryzek et al, 2002;Desai, 2002), the UK under Margaret Thatcher or more recently Denmark and The Netherlands after a government turnover. Sweden, on the other hand, experienced a comeback as environmental pioneer in the late 1990s under Göran Persson.…”

Section: Unstable Situative Factors: When Pioneers Give Upmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Trend‐setters in environmental policy: the character and role of pioneer countries

Jänicke¹

2005

Eur. Env.

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is reason to believe that environmental policy convergence resulting from policy diffusion is influenced not only by functional imperatives of the world market, but also by a collective behaviour of national governments, where pioneer countries function as (intellectual) leaders under conditions of uncertainty. Their solutions for general environmental problems are adopted by other countries. As a rule, there is one single solution that is preferred by a large group or the majority of countries. This regulatory 'conformism' makes pioneer roles of countries highly relevant. The article analyses the character and role of such 'trend-setters' in environmental policy.A necessary condition for becoming a pioneer country in environmental policy is a high domestic capacity for environmental policy-making. This encompasses institutional, economic and informational framework conditions as well as the relative strength of the green advocacy coalition of a country. While these factors refer to relatively stable factors of policy-making, this does not explain why sometimes countries give up their roles as pioneers. To explain this, an analytical framework is proposed that encompasses situative factors, strategic factors and actor constellations, especially the coalition between organized proponents of environmental objectives and economic modernizers. This coalition of ecological modernizers may break down, for example in times of economic crisis. The political and economic framework conditions of globalization may sometimes bear impediments for pioneers, but at the same time they also provide incentives for highly advanced countries to take over national pioneer roles -at least in the field of environmental protection, which has become an important issue in the competition for innovation.

show abstract

Section: Environmental Policy Innovation As Well As Regression Is Caumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Unstable Situative Factors: When Pioneers Give Upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trend‐setters in environmental policy: the character and role of pioneer countries

Jänicke¹

2005

Eur. Env.

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The flawless implementation of specific environmental policies (at global, regional and local level) will be determined mainly by national policies and their commitment, institutions, as well as administrative and technical capacity (Dryzek et al, 2002;Meadowcroft, 2005;Sommerer and Lim, 2016).…”

Section: National Environmental Performance Addressed By Political Pamentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevant Determinants of the Political Parties’ Environmental Preference

Apostoaie

2016

Scientific Annals of Economics and Business

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An instrument that political parties use to inform the electorate with regard to their policy preference (including preference towards the environment) is the electoral manifest. This paper analyses some important drivers that push political parties towards adopting pro-environmental attitudes by analysing the content included in their electoral manifestos (using the Comparative Manifesto Dataset). As explanatory factors we consider various socio-economic, ideological and international related variables, but our main focus is on environmental related determinants. We proceed as such because the paper aims to test the validity of 'the ecological approach' given that the current literature overlooks this issue or doesn't succeed in providing strong evidence of its existence. Our dataset covers 49 countries worldwide and a total of 190 national electoral years, occurring between 2000 and 2015. The resulting evidence, which might confirm the validity of 'the ecological approach', is rather weak, but there is nonetheless strong evidence to prove the existence of an opportunistic behaviour of the political parties (confirming the validity of the 'opportunistic political cycle').

show abstract

“…It is worth mentioning that Germany takes a leading role in ecological modernization (see also [123]) while at the same time, automobile production is outstanding and the comparative employment in this sector is very high. Germany hosts several lead developers of diesel technology (BMW, Volkswagen, Daimler), yet unlike in other manufacturing countries which peak in Diesel technology, aggregate tax incentives for diesel have only been moderate with a resulting dieselization below the European mean (Figure 2, cf.…”

Section: Germanymentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical evaluation of the European diesel car boom - global comparison, environmental effects and various national strategies

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: On the way to a more sustainable society, transport needs to be urgently optimized regarding energy consumption and pollution control. While in earlier decades, Europe followed automobile technology leaps initiated in the USA, it has decoupled itself for 20 years by focusing research capacity towards the diesel powertrain. The resulting technology shift has led to some 45 million extra diesel cars in Europe. Its outcome in terms of health and environmental effects will be investigated below. Results: Expected greenhouse gas savings initiated by the shift to diesel cars have been overestimated. Only about one tenth of overall energy efficiency improvements of passenger cars can be attributed to it. These minor savings are on the other hand overcompensated by a significant increase of supply chain CO 2 emissions and extensive black carbon emissions of diesel cars without particulate filter. We conclude that the European diesel car boom did not cool down the atmosphere. Moreover, toxic NO x emissions of diesel cars have been underestimated up to 20-fold in officially announced data. The voluntary agreement signed in 1998 between the European Automobile industry and the European Commission envisaging to reduce CO 2 emissions has been identified as elementary for the ensuing European diesel car boom. Four factors have been quantified in order to explain very different dieselization rates across Europe: impact of national car/supplier industry, ecological modernization, fuel tourism and corporatist political governance. By comparing the European diesel strategy to the Japanese petrol-hybrid avenue, it becomes clear that a different road would have both more effectively reduced CO 2 emissions and pollutants.

show abstract

Environmental Transformation of the State: The USA, Norway, Germany and the UK

Cited by 103 publications

References 30 publications

Trend‐setters in environmental policy: the character and role of pioneer countries

Trend‐setters in environmental policy: the character and role of pioneer countries

Relevant Determinants of the Political Parties’ Environmental Preference

Critical evaluation of the European diesel car boom - global comparison, environmental effects and various national strategies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About