Environmentally Friendly Diesel Fuel Obtained from Vegetable Raw Materials and Hydrocarbon Crude

Abstract

Currently, the global issue for countries is the search for raw materials and the production of bioenergy within their country; bioenergy also includes biodiesel fuels. One of the most promising biodiesel fuels is the green diesel fuel produced by the hydrogenation of vegetable oils. Three methods have been proposed to obtain high-quality biodiesel and environmentally friendly diesel fuel: compounding green diesel with hydro-treated diesel fuel, compositions of the improved fuel «green diesel» with bio-additives, and two-component mixtures of environmentally friendly diesel fuel with bio-additives. Using these methods, it is possible to produce fuel for diesel engines with improved lubricating properties, the wear scar diameter is reduced to 232 microns, according to EN 590: 2009, this value standard is up to 460 microns. The optimal quantitative composition of three-component environmentally friendly diesel fuel with improved lubricity was established. The dependence of the change in the lubricating properties of environmentally friendly diesel fuel on the quantitative and qualitative composition are established. A mathematical equation describing the dependence of the change in the corrected wear spot on the amount of anti-wear additive in the green diesel fuel is derived. Three-component compositions of environmentally friendly diesel fuel make it possible to obtain fuel that meets the requirements of the EN 590: 2009 standard and to expand the resources for obtaining fuel, as well as to improve the environmental and operational characteristics of the fuel.

The development of the soderberg electrolyzer electromagnetic field’s state monitoring system

“…Aluminum in this context is one of the main engines in the automobile and aircraft industries. In the context of transportation of oil, gas, biodiesel 54 and other components that are directly related to the cost of transportation, a number of economic factors influencing metallurgy can be identified: Prices of metal resources: Prices of steel, iron, aluminum and other metals have a direct impact on metallurgical production. Increasing prices for metals can increase the cost of production and reduce the demand for metallurgical products 1 – 3 , 10 , 16 , 45 – 49 , 55 , 56 .…”

“… Government policy and regulation: Government regulatory measures such as taxes, legislation and customs duties can influence the stimulation or restriction of metallurgical production 2 – 5 , 7 , 11 , 12 , 14 , 23 – 25 , 27 , 38 – 44 . .International competition: Metallurgical production is a global market, and competition from other countries can put pressure on local producers 1 – 5 , 7 , 54 – 56 , 59 – 70 . …”

“….International competition: Metallurgical production is a global market, and competition from other countries can put pressure on local producers 1 – 5 , 7 , 54 – 56 , 59 – 70 .…”

The Development of the Soderberg Electrolyzer Electromagnetic Field’s State Monitoring System

“…Aluminum in this context is one of the main engines in the automobile and aircraft industries. In the context of transportation of oil, gas, biodiesel 54 and other components that are directly related to the cost of transportation, a number of economic factors influencing metallurgy can be identified:…”

A New Approach for Synthesizing Fatty Acid Esters from Linoleic-Type Vegetable Oil

“…A complete or partial alternative to methanol in the synthesis of fatty acid esters can be its homologues-ethyl, propyl, butyl alcohols, etc. [29][30][31]. Studies show that the use of alcohols with a longer and branched carbon chain increases the calorific value of esters obtained from them and improves the value of the pour point [32].…”