Environmentally stable one-dimensional copper halide based ultra-flexible composite film for low-cost X-ray imaging screens

Han, Lili; Zhang, Hui; Ning, Yayun; Chen, Huanyu; Guo, Chao; Cui, Jinghao; Peng, Guoqiang; Ci, Zhipeng; Jin, Zhiwen

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.132826

Cited by 40 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Figure 1c and Table S1, Supporting Information show the preliminary cost analysis of Cs 2 ZrCl 6 scintillators and a comparison with other reported scintillators. [25] In comparison, the lowest synthesis cost of Cs 2 ZrCl 6 convinces us to believe in its commercial competitiveness for scintillators application.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[24] Further, Jin et al fabricated a flexible scintillator screen by embedding Rb 2 CuBr 3 powder into polystyrene via the casting method. [25] Ma et al reported the (C 38 H 34 P 2 )MnBr 4 that exhibited a high light yield of 80 000 photons MeV −1 , and then the (C 38 H 34 P 2 )MnBr 4 powder was mixed with poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) to prepare flexible scintillator screen by templating method. [26] However, large powder particles tend to produce strong light scattering effect and high refractive index, which easily reduces the transparency of films and results in poor X-ray imaging quality.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Zirconium‐Based Perovskites for Large‐Area and Ultraflexible X‐ray Scintillator Screens

et al. 2022

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Flexible scintillator screens with environmental stability, high sensitivity, and low cost have emerged as candidates for X‐ray imaging applications. Here, a large‐scale and cost‐efficient solution synthesis of the vacancy‐ordered double perovskite Cs2ZrCl6, which is characterized by thermal activation delayed fluorescence (TADF) dominated by triplet emission under X‐ray irradiation, is demonstrated. The large Stokes shift and efficient luminescence collection of TADF effectively ensure the light outcoupling efficiency. Further, flexible X‐ray scintillator screens with an area of 400 cm2 are prepared using poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) as the carrier, exhibiting excellent scintillation properties with light yields as high as 49 400 photons MeV−1, spatial resolutions up to 18 lp mm−1 and detection limits as low as 65 nGy s−1. Finally, the high‐quality imaging results of non‐planar and dynamic objects by such screens are demonstrated. It is believed that the explored Cs2ZrCl6@PDMS flexible scintillator screens would offer a big step toward expanding the application range of scintillators in different environments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Zirconium‐Based Perovskites for Large‐Area and Ultraflexible X‐ray Scintillator Screens

et al. 2022

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“…Multi-functional luminescent materials with broad response to different excitation sources afford the various applications in the solid-state lighting device, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] anti-counterfeiting, [14][15][16][17][18][19] optical refrigeration, [20,21] and X-ray detection. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28] Recently, anti-counterfeiting has become a serious global issue in our daily lives, commercial trade, intellectual property protection, document encryption, etc. For instance, genuine products are driven out of the market by counterfeit products with much lower prices during the vicious competition, resulting in the loss of profits for companies and intellectual property owners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bright Cyan‐Emissive Copper(I)‐Halide Single Crystals for Multi‐Functional Applications

Luo

Zhang

et al. 2022

Advanced Optical Materials

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In particular, the fluorescence inks could be easily printed on the banknote, ID card, passport, and packaging of the product; accordingly, the anti-counterfeiting technology based on fluorescence tags has been highlighted with low cost, high-security level, and facile decryption process that can be directly recognized by the ultraviolet (UV) lamp. [35] For instance, the emission of A 2 AgX 3 (A = Rb, Cs; X = Cl, Br, I) could be facilely regulated by changing the composition, showing the application potential in fluorescence anti-counterfeiting. [36] Nevertheless, the limited response range makes traditional UV light-activated anti-counterfeiting fluorescence tags unsatisfactory for the requirements of high-level anticounterfeiting applications. Therefore, exploring complicated anti-counterfeiting fluorescent materials whose response range can be broadened from UV to near-infrared (NIR) light and even X-rays are urgently needed. The fluorescent materials with a down-conversion response require a suitable energy gap that the UV light could activate. However, the traditional metal-oxide semiconductors possess a wide bandgap; thus, it is necessary to introduce lanthanide metal ions to act as activators. [37] The up-conversion photoluminescence (UCPL) process usually involves photosensitizers (Yb 3+ , etc.) to absorb infrared light and transfer the absorbed energy to other luminescent species. [38] Nonetheless, the multi-photon absorption process usually occurs under the irradiation of high-power laser (e.g., >1 kW cm −2 ), hampering the application in practical scenarios. Moreover, the doping amount of photosensitizers is critical for the final emissive behaviors and lacks batch-to-batch and labto-lab reproducibility. In terms of X-ray scintillators, except for extraordinary luminescence efficiency, the attenuation capability to X-ray becomes another critical criterion for screening the efficient scintillators, which requires the participation of heavy atoms, such as metal and iodine elements. Overall, it is still challenging to synthesize a single-source material with response to UV, NIR, and X-ray simultaneously.Recently, the outstanding photophysical performance of metal halide perovskites and derivatives has brought them to the research forefront of luminescent materials. For instance, the 3D CsPbX 3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) nanocrystals show extraordinary down-conversion properties due to the spatial confinement of excitons within nanocrystals. [39][40][41] Fortunately, lowering down the crystal structure dimensionality is another strategy Anti-counterfeiting has become a serious issue around the global world; fluorescence-based tags are praised for the low-cost and facile decryption process. However, the high-level anti-counterfeiting application requires incorporating multifunctional luminescent materials with response to different excitation sources. Herein, a dimeric Cu(I)-halide-clusters-assembled singlecrystal (AEP) 2 Cu 2 I 6 •2I•2H 2 O (AEP = N-aminoethylpiperazinium) concerning a high down-conversion photol...

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“…Among various metals, environmentally friendly copper shows promising potential because of the abundance, low price, and intrinsic functional features of copper-based compounds. Recently, cesium copper halides have attracted a good deal of attention for their outstanding optical properties, semi-tunable band gaps, and high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). − These materials have been successfully applied in optoelectronic devices such as charge injection and down-conversion LEDs. ,,,,− In addition to cesium copper halides, single crystals of other alkali (K, Rb) copper halides with excellent optical properties have also been reported. − Due to their deep blue emission, high PLQYs, and good air stability, they have also been reported as crystalline X-ray and γ-ray scintillators as have other perovskite materials . Although these single crystals are highly emissive, one of the disadvantages of rubidium is that 87 Rb has an abundance of 27.8% and a specific activity of 670 Bq/g, whereas potassium lacks any significant radioactive isotopes .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potassium and Rubidium Copper Halide A₂CuX₃ (A = K, Rb, X = Cl, Br) Micro- and Nanocrystals with Near Unity Quantum Yields for White Light Applications

Zhou

Xing

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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Lead-free ternary metal halides, especially cesium copper halides, have attracted tremendous research interest in the past two years owing to their outstanding optical properties, such as long photoluminescence (PL) decay lifetimes and high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs). Recently, single crystals of potassium and rubidium copper halides have shown potential use in optoelectronics, and several synthetic methods have been reported for A 2 CuX 3 (A = K, Rb; X = Cl, Br) single crystals. Here, we have successfully synthesized A 2 CuX 3 micro-and nanocrystals by both anti-solvent recrystallization and hot injection methods, achieving size and shape control of these materials for the first time. A 2 CuX 3 micro-and nanocrystals show near-UV to deep blue emission, with emission peaks ranging from 380 to 400 nm. Emission properties included Stoke's shifts over 100 nm, a fwhm of approximately 50 nm, a long PL lifetime, and high PLQYs, in particular for K 2 CuCl 3 , which shows near unity PLQYs. In addition, these materials can be used to produce white light along with previously reported CsCu 2 I 3 nanocrystals. A mixed solution of K 2 CuCl 3 and CsCu 2 I 3 nanocrystals exhibits white light emission with a Commission Internationale de l'E ́clairage (CIE) coordinate of (0.3456, 0.3304) and a color rendering index (CRI) of 75 at a color temperature of 4855 K.

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Environmentally stable one-dimensional copper halide based ultra-flexible composite film for low-cost X-ray imaging screens

Cited by 40 publications

References 49 publications

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Zirconium‐Based Perovskites for Large‐Area and Ultraflexible X‐ray Scintillator Screens

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Zirconium‐Based Perovskites for Large‐Area and Ultraflexible X‐ray Scintillator Screens

Bright Cyan‐Emissive Copper(I)‐Halide Single Crystals for Multi‐Functional Applications

Potassium and Rubidium Copper Halide A₂CuX₃ (A = K, Rb, X = Cl, Br) Micro- and Nanocrystals with Near Unity Quantum Yields for White Light Applications

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Environmentally stable one-dimensional copper halide based ultra-flexible composite film for low-cost X-ray imaging screens

Cited by 40 publications

References 49 publications

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Zirconium‐Based Perovskites for Large‐Area and Ultraflexible X‐ray Scintillator Screens

Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Zirconium‐Based Perovskites for Large‐Area and Ultraflexible X‐ray Scintillator Screens

Bright Cyan‐Emissive Copper(I)‐Halide Single Crystals for Multi‐Functional Applications

Potassium and Rubidium Copper Halide A2CuX3 (A = K, Rb, X = Cl, Br) Micro- and Nanocrystals with Near Unity Quantum Yields for White Light Applications

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Product

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Potassium and Rubidium Copper Halide A₂CuX₃ (A = K, Rb, X = Cl, Br) Micro- and Nanocrystals with Near Unity Quantum Yields for White Light Applications