Environments and Adaptations of the Thule Culture on the Davis Strait Coast of Baffin Island

Jacobs, John D.; Sabo, George

doi:10.2307/1550682

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The result is higher air temperatures just above the ground, which has been confirmed by measurements at Broughton Island (67.5" N) in July and August, where daily maximum temperatures on the south sides of this and nearby islands ranged from 1" C to 8" C above those at the village on the northwest side (Jacobs and Sabo, 1978).…”

Section: Microclimatesupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Such factors as elevation, aspect, slope and nearness to water provide controls on climate that, on the local level, result in differences of the same magnitude as those between distant stations. Although extensive studies of local climates in southern Baffin Island have not yet been undertaken, investigations of summer conditions in coastal areas of archaeological importance by Jacobs and Sabo (1978) have revealed something of local climatic patterns. Some implications of that work for the present study are discussed below.…”

Section: Regional Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Report on the Distribution of Dwarf Birches and Present Pollen Rain, Baffin Island, N.W.T., Canada

Andrews¹,

Mode²,

Webber³

et al. 1980

ARCTIC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. A distribution map for the dwarf birches is presented for the region from Frobisher Bay northward to Cumberland Peninsula. These shrubs are restricted to favourable habitats which, at the northern limit of the species (67" 40' N), are found on south-facing slopes above the immediate local cooling influence of the sea. Pollen studies within the zone of scattered dwarf birch indicate that pollen dispersal from these low, prostrate shrubs is minimal. Samples of moss collected beneath the bushes have 5-36% Betula pollen: whereas sites no more than 50 m away from Betula shrubs . have percentages of <2%. These data will be useful in considering the Holocene and Pleistocene histories of these Low Arctic shrubs in the Eastern Canadian Arctic.

show abstract

Section: Microclimatesupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Regional Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Report on the Distribution of Dwarf Birches and Present Pollen Rain, Baffin Island, N.W.T., Canada

Andrews¹,

Mode²,

Webber³

et al. 1980

ARCTIC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…First is the location of the initial and sustained impact. This is probably a nonrandom factor, since Thule peoples and modern Inuit made conscious decisions about camp location (Treude, 1977;Jacobs and Sabo, 1978;Jacobs, 1988). Ideal sites or 'resource patches' were chosen on the basis of combinations of mesoclimate, access to wildlife, and local plant resources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Communities of Archaeological Sites, Abandoned Dwellings, and Trampled Tundra in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: A Multivariate Analysis

Forbes¹

1996

ARCTIC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT. Arctic terrestrial ecosystems subjected to anthropogenic disturbance return to their original state only slowly, if at all. Investigations of abandoned settlements on three islands in the eastern Canadian Arctic Archipelago have detected striking similarities among contemporary and ancient human settlements with regard to their effects on tundra vegetation and soils. Ordination procedures using 240 quadrats showed the plant assemblages of Thule (ca. 800 B.P.) winter dwellings on northern Devon and southern Cornwallis Islands to be floristically similar to pedestrian-trampled meadows on northeast Baffin Island last used ca. 1969. Comparisons from the literature made with other North American sites in the Low Arctic reveal similar findings. The implication is that the depauperate flora of the Arctic has a limited number of species able to respond to disturbance, and that anthropogenically disturbed patches may be extremely persistent.Key words: Thule culture, phytoarchaeology, High Arctic, trampling, anthropogenic disturbance, growth forms, ordination RÉSUMÉ. Les écosystèmes terrestres arctiques soumis à une perturbation anthropique ne retournent que lentement -lorsqu'ils le font -à leur état initial. Des études faites sur des établissements abandonnés dans trois îles de l'archipel Arctique canadien oriental ont permis de constater des ressemblances frappantes entre les établissements humains contemporains et anciens en ce qui concerne leurs effets sur la végétation et les sols de la toundra. Les procédures d'ordination portant sur 240 quadrats ont montré que les communautés végétales des habitations d'hiver de Thulé (v. 800 BP) situées dans le nord de l'île Devon et le sud de l'île Cornwallis, sont similaires au plan de la flore aux prairies piétinées par l'homme v. 1969 dans le nord-est de la terre de Baffin. Des comparaisons établies à partir de documentation réalisée sur d'autres sites nord-américains dans le Bas-Arctique révèlent des constatations similaires. L'implication est que la flore souffreteuse de l'Arctique possède un nombre limité d'espèces capables de réagir aux perturbations, et que les endroits perturbés anthropiquement pourraient demeurer tels quels très longtemps.Mots clés: culture de Thulé, phytoarchéologie, Extrême-Arctique, dommages dus au piétinement, perturbation anthropique, formes de croissance, ordination Traduit pour la revue Arctic par Nésida Loyer.

show abstract

“…As noted in Andrews et al (1980a), a major limitation on transfer function equations in arctic regions is the scarcity of climatic data, and this is compounded by the extent of local microclimatic variability(Jacobs and Sabo, 1978;Andrews et al, 1980b). As noted in Andrews et al (1980a), a major limitation on transfer function equations in arctic regions is the scarcity of climatic data, and this is compounded by the extent of local microclimatic variability(Jacobs and Sabo, 1978;Andrews et al, 1980b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Pollen Deposition and Holocene Paleotemperature Reconstructions, Central Northern Canada

Andrews¹,

Nichols²

1981

Arctic and Alpine Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. INSTAAR, University of Colorado andThe Regents of the University of Colorado, a body corporate, contracting on behalf of the University of Colorado at Boulder for the benefit of INSTAAR are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Arctic and Alpine Research.ABSTRACT The relative modern pollen spectra is reported for a transect from the edge of the boreal forest of Keewatin (ca. 600N), northeastward to the high arctic/polar desert environments of Clyde River, Baffin Island (ca. 710N). Two hundred and ninety-three surface moss polsters are analyzed from 29 sites. Thirteen modern pollen taxa (Alnus, Ericaceae, and Sphagnum) are used, in association with estimates of present temperature and precipitation, to construct transfer function equations from fossil pollen diagrams. Equations are derived using the Imbrie/Kipp (1971) approach and multiplex regression procedures. The resulting equations are all statistically significant with multiple correlation coefficients for summer temperatures of better than 0.9 with standard errors of + 1.00C or less. The transfer functions are used on four published pollen diagrams (Nichols, 1975) to predict July temperatures. The resulting time-series are presented as standardized departures from the mean July TOC at each of the four sites. A generalized reconstruction of the July temperature history of central northern Canada is then made by taking average departures for each of the four sites over the last 6000 yr. This shows (1) temperatures above average between 5500 and 4000 BP; (2) temperatures below average (or average) between 4000 and 3000 BP; (3) temperatures above average between 3000 and 2000 BP; and (4) temperatures below average between 2000 and the last few hundred years. In addition, on the basis of multivariate statistical analysis, we define four geographic pollen assemblage regions. Proceeding from south to north the pollen assemblages are Region I: Betula/Pinus/Picea/Ericaceae; Region II: Betula/Pinus/Ericaceae/Alnus; Region III: Ericaceae/Salix/Cyperaceae/Pinus; and Region IV: G rami ne ae/C ype raceae/Ericaceae/Salix. transect from the edge of the boreal forest of Keewatin (ca. 600N) to the high arctic-polar desert tundra of eastern Baffin Island (Figure 1). The modern pollen (i.e., pollen and spores) deposition which constitutes the basis for our paper was collected by Nichols in 1972 and 1973 as part of the Aerobiology Program for the U.S. International Biological Program.The concern with the future impact of rising CO2 levels in the atmosphere has prompted a considerable amount of research. 10 9 Bay EL 8 ' 6 !BAY ..f_ FIGURE 1. Location map of the 29 sites where surface moss polsters were collected. Th...

show abstract

Environments and Adaptations of the Thule Culture on the Davis Strait Coast of Baffin Island

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Report on the Distribution of Dwarf Birches and Present Pollen Rain, Baffin Island, N.W.T., Canada

Report on the Distribution of Dwarf Birches and Present Pollen Rain, Baffin Island, N.W.T., Canada

Plant Communities of Archaeological Sites, Abandoned Dwellings, and Trampled Tundra in the Eastern Canadian Arctic: A Multivariate Analysis

Modern Pollen Deposition and Holocene Paleotemperature Reconstructions, Central Northern Canada

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About