Environments Providing Favourable Conditions for the Multiplication and Transmission of Mycobacteria

Pavlík, I.; Falkinham, Joseph O.; Kazda, J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-9413-2_5

Cited by 13 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 271 publications

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“…Most isolates came from sampling points where moss was also present, forming a consolidated biofilm on the stones that make up the foundation of the buildings under study; this is consistent with other investigations that report mycobacteria in association with bryophytes (Pavlik, Kazda & Falkinham, 2010;Thorel, Falkinham & Moreau, 2004). Apparently, the life cycle and seasons of the year when the various species of bryophytes grow are directly related to the establishment and development of mycobacteria, i.e., during the growth of mosses (early spring to late autumn) a green hygroscopic layer develops that serves as habitat for various species of microorganisms.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Each year, moss regrows to form a new layer on top of the one of the previous year, leaving the latter deprived from light; as this accumulates over time, the deeper layers are broken down by pectinases from mycorrhizal fungi. The products released from the metabolism of fungi and the decomposition of mosses (amino acids and carbohydrates) are dissolved in the medium, producing a suitable environment for the development of mycobacteria (Pavlik, Kazda & Falkinham, 2010). Mycobacteria were also found on biofilms devoid of moss and with low humidity (Atetelco and Zaachila), a finding that can be explained by the same adaptations developed over the course of the evolutionary history (hydrophobicity, impermeability, and adherence) that allows them to survive under extreme conditions such as desiccation or low nutrient levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micobacterias no tuberculosas de sitios arqueológicos de México

Alcalde-Vázquez¹,

González-y-Merchand²,

Medina-Jaritz³

et al. 2019

TIP RECQB

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Se examinaron varios edificios de nueve sitios arqueológicos en México para detectar la presencia de micobacterias y se pudieron aislar 45 cepas no tuberculosas. Se obtuvieron a partir de biopelículas usando medios selectivos con antibióticos y colorantes. Las cepas aisladas se determinaron como micobacterias mediante una PCR específica, posteriormente se identificaron con tres marcadores moleculares: genes rrs (16S rRNA), hsp65 y rpoB. Además se relacionaron los datos fisiográficos de las zonas arqueológicas estudiadas con el número de bacterias ácido alcohol resistentes mediante un análisis univariado de varianza. De las 45 cepas de micobacterias aisladas 21 correspondieron a Mycobacteroides chelonae; siete, M. abscessus; cinco, Mycolicibacterium flavescens; cuatro, Mycobacterium alvei; dos, M. fortuitum; y seis quedaron como Mycobacterium sp. La mayoría de las micobacteriasno tuberculosas(MNT) fueron aisladas de dos de las zonas arqueológicas: 25 de Guachimontones (Jalisco) y 13 de Atetelco (Estado de México). El análisis estadístico mostró que los factores ambientales como clima y la interacción temperatura-humedad-precipitación tuvieron una gran influencia en la presencia de este grupo bacteriano en las zonas arqueológicas.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micobacterias no tuberculosas de sitios arqueológicos de México

Alcalde-Vázquez¹,

González-y-Merchand²,

Medina-Jaritz³

et al. 2019

TIP RECQB

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“…They are commonly found not only in water, but also in soil. It is probable that the above‐mentioned species were carried down with soil into the water (Pavlik & Falkinham 2009a; Pavlik et al. 2009a) and thus into contact with fish gills and skin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, mycobacteria occurrence in natural water sources and fish populations has been explored (Pavlik & Khol 2009b; Pavlik, Falkinham & Kazda 2009a). A common feature of almost all the above‐mentioned studies was that the prevalence of mycobacteria among the examined fish was quite low (Majeed & Gopinath 1983; Daoust et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low prevalence of mycobacteria in freshwater fish from water reservoirs, ponds and farms

Mrlík

Slaný

Kubečka

et al. 2012

Journal of Fish Diseases

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A survey of the occurrence of mycobacteria was conducted from 717 freshwater fish (25 species) in two water reservoirs, five ponds and two farms in the Czech Republic. A total of 2182 tissue samples from these fish were examined using the conventional culture method. Thirteen mycobacterial isolates were obtained from 12 (1.7%) fish belonging to nine species. Isolates were identified using sequence analysis of the 16SrRNA gene as: Mycobacterium algericum, M. fortuitum, M. gordonae, M. insubricum, M. kumamotonense, M. nonchromogenicum, two isolates of M. peregrinum, M. terrae and M. triplex. Mycobacteria were isolated more frequently from fish skin and gills than from internal organs or muscles.

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“…Temperature significantly affects mycobacteria in the soil (Kubalek andKomenda 1995, Donoghue et al 1997). In Britain, the mean temperature for the occurrence of mycobacteria species in forest soil in different niches was 16 o C, in arable soil was 21.4 o C (Pavlik et al 2009) and in pasture soil was 19.5 o C and range between 14 and 25 o C (Donoghue et al 1997).…”

Section: Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

The survival of mycobacteria in pure human urine

Orumwense

Torvinen

Heinonen‐Tanski

2013

Water Science and Technology

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Mycobacterial pathogens can be excreted in human urine by some infected individuals. High numbers of pathogenic mycobacteria in the urine could represent a new transmission route for mycobacterial infections if the urine is used for crop fertilization. In this study, the survival of spiked Mycobacterium aurum and M. fortuitum as fast-growing mycobacteria and M. avium and M. bovis as slow-growing mycobacteria were tested in urine. The tests were conducted in fresh (<1 day old) and stored human urine (>6 months old) at temperatures of 15 and 30 °C. The results indicate that these mycobacterial strains survived less than 2 weeks in stored urine at 30 °C with a pH value of around 9.0. Mycobacteria had the longest survival time, up to 6 weeks, in fresh urine stored at 15 °C. There were negative correlations between the increase in pH and the number of spiked mycobacteria in urine. In conclusion, if human urine is to be used for fertilization, it is advisable to store it for more than 6 weeks at least at 15 °C in order to prevent survival and subsequent exposure to pathogenic mycobacteria.

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Environments Providing Favourable Conditions for the Multiplication and Transmission of Mycobacteria

Cited by 13 publications

References 271 publications

Micobacterias no tuberculosas de sitios arqueológicos de México

Micobacterias no tuberculosas de sitios arqueológicos de México

A low prevalence of mycobacteria in freshwater fish from water reservoirs, ponds and farms

The survival of mycobacteria in pure human urine

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