Enzymatic conversion of lignin into renewable chemicals

Bugg, Timothy D. H.; Rahmanpour, Rahman

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.06.009

Cited by 227 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…6 However, lignin has the potential for conversion into highvalue-added products such as vanillin, adipic acid, ferulic acid, vinyl guaiacol, optically-active lignans, the dimers of monolignols and p-coumaric acid. 7,8 Lignin could therefore replace the fossil-fuel-based feedstock used in many current industrial processes, increasing their sustainability and benefiting the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and obstacles in the production and application of recombinant lignin-degrading peroxidases

et al. 2016

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Lignin is 1 of the 3 major components of lignocellulose. Its polymeric structure includes aromatic subunits that can be converted into high-value-added products, but this potential cannot yet been fully exploited because lignin is highly recalcitrant to degradation. Different approaches for the depolymerization of lignin have been tested, including pyrolysis, chemical oxidation, and hydrolysis under supercritical conditions. An additional strategy is the use of lignin-degrading enzymes, which imitates the natural degradation process. A versatile set of enzymes for lignin degradation has been identified, and research has focused on the production of recombinant enzymes in sufficient amounts to characterize their structure and reaction mechanisms. Enzymes have been analyzed individually and in combinations using artificial substrates, lignin model compounds, lignin and lignocellulose. Here we consider progress in the production of recombinant lignin-degrading peroxidases, the advantages and disadvantages of different expression hosts, and obstacles that must be overcome before such enzymes can be characterized and used for the industrial processing of lignin.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and obstacles in the production and application of recombinant lignin-degrading peroxidases

et al. 2016

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“…Lignin offers a sustainable alternative to the finite fossil resources currently used to produce aromatic compounds, and it is widely regarded as a waste product and is therefore inexpensive [19,20]. One possible area of application for lignin-derived aromatic products is conventional jet fuel, which contains 20% fossil-derived aromatic compounds that could be replaced with lignin-derived compounds [21].…”

Section: Lignin -Trends and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the pulping process, different forms of lignin are produced with distinct chemical properties, including kraft lignin, lignosulfonate, organosolv lignin, soda lignin and residual lignin from the bleaching stage ( Figure 3) [19]. Even more industrial lignin is expected to be produced in lignocellulose feedstock biorefineries.…”

Section: Lignin -Trends and Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignin Degradation Processes and the Purification of Valuable Products

Schoenherr¹,

Ebrahimi²,

Czermak³

2018

Lignin - Trends and Applications

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Lignin is a heterogeneous, phenolic and polydisperse biopolymer which resists degradation due to its aromatic and highly branched structure. Lignin is the most abundant renewable source of aromatic molecules on earth. The valorization of lignin could therefore provide a sustainable alternative to petroleum refineries for the production of valuable aromatic compounds. Even so, paper mills and lignocellulose feedstock biorefineries treat lignin largely as a waste product. In paper mills, 98% of technical lignin is incinerated for internal energy recovery while only 2% is used commercially (e.g. for the production of aromatics such as vanillin). The reasons for the underutilization of lignin include its recalcitrance to degradation and the challenge of separating mixtures of numerous degradation products. The successful valorization of lignin in the future thus depends on a broad understanding of biological and technical degradation processes, and the implementation of efficient product purification strategies. This article describes enzymatic, photocatalytic and thermochemical lignin degradation processes and considers purification methods for valuable lignin-derived degradation products. We focus on the potential of membrane-based separation technology, including data from our own recent research.

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“…Lignin-degrading microbes such as lig- ninolytic peroxidase enzymes or laccase enzymes have been exploited to oxidise aromatic units within lignin complex molecules [44].…”

Section: Lignin: Chemical and Biological Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Biofuel via Hydrogenation of Lignin from Biomass

Abdullah¹,

Muhammad²,

Mahmood³

2017

New Advances in Hydrogenation Processes - Fundamentals and Applications

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Historically, humans have been harnessing biomass as a source of energy since the time they knew to make a ire from woods. Even today, some countries still depend on woods as a main source of energy. Biologically, biomass contains carbon-, hydrogen-and oxygen-based maters that unify in a solid material and that are potentially to be converted to fuel. Lignin is one of the components present in lignocellulosic biomass and has been actively examined to be used for biofuel production. Issues arise with the chemical characteristic and rigidity of its structure, which a setback for its viability for biofuel conversion. However, such setbacks have been counteracted with the advances of lignin-based knowledge on its conversion to chemical precursors for biofuel conversion. Recently, investigations on hydrogenation as one of the chemical processes used can be potentially utilised for eicient and viable means for biofuel production.

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Enzymatic conversion of lignin into renewable chemicals

Cited by 227 publications

References 51 publications

Progress and obstacles in the production and application of recombinant lignin-degrading peroxidases

Progress and obstacles in the production and application of recombinant lignin-degrading peroxidases

Lignin Degradation Processes and the Purification of Valuable Products

Production of Biofuel via Hydrogenation of Lignin from Biomass

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