Enzymatic degradation of flax-fibers reinforced polylactide

Enzymatic degradation of PLA/cellulose nanocrystal composites

“…In the other experiments, the samples were taken from the vial after a certain time, washed with water, wiped, dried in a vacuum oven at 25 °C and 200 mbar for 12 h and weighed. The concentration of the enzyme was selected according to literature references (Dogan et al, 2017;Stepczyńska and Rytlewski, 2018;Żenkiewicz et al, 2013).…”

“…Lipases are very robust and are not sensitive to environmental conditions (Doukyu and Ogino, 2010;Ogino et al, 1994), and several reports indicated their smaller or larger efficiency in the degradation of various aliphatic polyesters (F Williams, 1981;Gan et al, 1999;Lee et al, 2014;Malwela and Ray, 2015;Nakajima-Kambe et al, 2012). On the other hand, quite a number of studies indicated that proteinase K degrades PLA efficiently (Dogan et al, 2017;Luzi et al, 2015;Stepczyńska and Rytlewski, 2018;Żenkiewicz et al, 2013). The relative weight loss observed in the presence of CRL is plotted in Fig.…”

“…The effect of lignocellylosic reinforcements on the enzymatic degradation of PLA was also investigated in a few cases. Stepczynska and Rytlewski (Stepczyńska and Rytlewski, 2018) studied the enzymatic degradation of PLA reinforced with flax and found that weight decrease is larger in its presence than without it and explained the phenomenon with the formation of channels due to the presence of the fibers. On the other hand, Luzi et al (Luzi et al, 2015) found that the degradation of PLA slowed down considerably in the presence of crystalline nanocellulose already at 1 wt% filler content.…”

Correlation between Processing Parameters and Degradation of Different Polylactide Grades during Twin-Screw Extrusion

“…Various mechanisms of thermal degradation have been proposed, including hydrolysis, radical reactions, random chain scission, depolymerization, or intermolecular transesterification [11,18]. The rate of degradation is influenced by the polymer's morphology and structure, i.e., molecular weight, polydispersity, stereoisomeric content, and crystallinity degree [13,19,20]. Independent of the phenomena behind this process, thermomechanical degradation of PLA is indicated by a reduction of the polymer's molecular weight and consequent deterioration of mechanical properties, changes in rheological and crystallization behaviors, and yellowing [11].…”

Poly(lactic acid) green composites filled with linseed cake as an agricultural waste filler. Influence of oil content within the filler on the rheological behavior

“…Many attempts at applying bio‐based and biodegradable polymers to commercial use have been made; however, there are serious limitations caused by their shortage on the market . The most commonly used in industrial scale biodegradable thermoplastic polymer is the poly(lactic acid) (PLA) . The production of green composites filled with natural fillers may became the solution for this problem, however, the incorporation of organic fillers into a thermoplastic matrix usually provides strong limitations of their processing properties.…”