Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate) Scaffolds

Abstract

<jats:p>Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are hydrolyzable bio-polyesters. The possibility of utilizing lignocellulosic waste by-products and grape pomace as carbon sources for PHA biosynthesis was investigated. PHAs were biosynthesized by employing Cupriavidus necator grown on fructose (PHBV-1) or grape sugar extract (PHBV-2). Fifty grams of lyophilized grape sugar extract contained 19.2 g of glucose, 19.1 g of fructose, 2.7 g of pectin, 0.52 g of polyphenols, 0.51 g of flavonoids and 7.97 g of non-identified rest compounds. The grape sugar extract supported the higher production of biomass and modified the composition of PHBV-2. The biosynthesized PHAs served as matrices for the preparation of the scaffolds. The PHBV-2 scaffolds had about 44.2% lower crystallinity compared to the PHBV-1 scaffolds. The degree of crystallinity markedly influenced the mechanical behavior and enzymatic hydrolysis of the PHA scaffolds in the synthetic gastric juice and phosphate buffer saline solution with the lipase for 81 days. The higher proportion of amorphous moieties in PHBV-2 accelerated enzymatic hydrolysis. After 81-days of lasting enzymatic hydrolysis, the morphological changes of the PHBV-1 scaffolds were negligible compared to the visible destruction of the PHBV-2 scaffolds. These results indicated that the presence of pectin and phenolic moieties in PHBV may markedly change the semi-crystalline character of PHBV, as well as its mechanical properties and the course of abiotic or enzymatic hydrolysis.</jats:p>

The Growth of 3T3 Fibroblasts on PHB, PLA and PHB/PLA Blend Films at Different Stages of Their Biodegradation In Vitro

“…The first-order kinetic model on the observed exponential decrease of molecular weight in time (Figure 6, Table 1) was applied for polymer film degradation in PBS without enzyme and in lipase solution. These values indicated much higher degradation kinetics of the studied polymers than previously published PHB degradation in similar environment [36]. The obtained data indicate different degradation kinetics of homopolymers and their blend.…”

“…The first-order kinetic model on the observed exponential decrease of molecular weight in time (Figure 6, Table 1) was applied for polymer film degradation in PBS without enzyme and in lipase solution. These values indicated much higher degradation kinetics of the studied polymers than previously published PHB degradation in similar environment [36]. The first-order kinetic model on the observed exponential decrease of molecular weight in time (Figure 6, Table 1) was applied for polymer film degradation in PBS without enzyme and in lipase solution.…”

Eugenol–piperine loaded polyhydroxy butyrate/polyethylene glycol nanocomposite‐induced apoptosis and cell death in nasopharyngeal cancer (C666‐1) cells through the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway

“…Moreover, the presence of PEG in the micelle was identified via the peak in the region around 1100 cm −1 . [ 46,47 ] Figure 1D shows the confirmation spectra of the eugenol–piperine drug‐loaded PHB‐PEG polymeric micelle.…”

Characterization and Biotechnological Potential of Intracellular Polyhydroxybutyrate by Stigeoclonium sp. B23 Using Cassava Peel as Carbon Source

“…B23 was about 7.52–13.46% lower compared to those detected for other types of PHB [ 35 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 ]. However, impurities from the extraction process or even the presence of other HB or HV monomers can decrease the crystallinity of the polymer [ 71 ]. Moreover, PHBs that have a degree of crystallinity between 60–80% are considered too rigid.…”