Enzymatic synthesis of polyethylene glycol-400 esters

Abstract

Esters of fatty acids (FAs) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG) are valuable chemically derived surfactants. In this work, it is shown that the chemical synthesis of PEG esters can be replaced by enzymatic synthesis under milder conditions and using simpler and more environmentally friendly technology. The main obstacles to enzymatic catalysis in a system of PEG and higher FAs are the high viscosity of the former and the low water solubility of the latter. These problems are solved by selecting organic media and other con ditions of the process mediated by pancreatic lipase. The optimum conditions for the synthesis of PEG esters of FAs are determined: reaction medium, benzene/hexane in a ratio of 2 : 3; optimum temperature, 25°C; water content in the system, no more than 0.2%; FA : PEG molar ratio, 1 : 1.8; reaction time, 48 h. Under these conditions, the yields in synthesizing PEG esters of capric, lauric, and palmitic acids are 80, 78, and 44%, respectively.

Synthesis and Physico-chemical Properties of some New Surface Active Agents and their Improvement Effects on Emamectin benzoate against Spodoptera littoralis

“…Non-ionic surfactants with amphiphilic structures are used in the daily chemical industry, pesticides, metal processing, textiles, food, and other industries as biodegradable green non-ionic surfaceactive agents. One of the non-ionic surfactants with various applications and perfect wettability, emulsification, and solubilization is polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters (Gamayurova et al, 2015;Wu et al, 2021).…”

Study on synthesis and demolding performance of polyethylene glycol fatty acid mold release agents

“…Polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester is a multi‐functional Nonionic surfactant with high emulsification, wettability, and solubilization. Nonionic surfactant with amphiphilic structure, as a degradable green Nonionic surfactant product, is widely used in the daily chemical industry, food, pesticide, textile, metal processing, and other fields 14,15 …”

“…Nonionic surfactant with amphiphilic structure, as a degradable green Nonionic surfactant product, is widely used in the daily chemical industry, food, pesticide, textile, metal processing, and other fields. 14,15 To sum up, the internal release agent may remain in the resin during molding, and the diaphragm formed by the migration of the S C H E M E 1 Synthesis of the mold release agent release agent to the resin surface is not easy to fall off, which has an adverse effect on the follow-up treatment of the material. 12 At present, the most commonly used release agents on the market are external release agents, especially silicone release agents and organofluorine release agents.…”

“…The dry matrix was then dissolved in excess isopropanol and salted out with supersaturated NaCl solution to remove used catalysts and excess PEG. The organic layer was separated by a separation funnel, and different polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters were obtained by evaporating isopropanol 12,15 (Scheme 1).…”

Synthesis of nanostructured carbon on Ni catalysts supported on mesoporous silica, preparation of carbon-containing adsorbents, and preparation and study of lipase-active biocatalysts

“…By varying the composition of the initial substrates (alcohol and acid), it is possible to synthesize aroma compounds having various odors: for example, isoamyl butyrate smells like a pear [1,2]. There have been reports on the enzymatic esterifica tion of organic (capric, palmitic, lauric, salicylic) acids with aliphatic (isoamyl, cetyl, ethyl) alcohols in nonaqueous media in the presence of lipase [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Nanostructured carbon is synthesized by hydrocar bon pyrolysis on metallic catalysts (Ni, Cu, Fe, and their alloys) supported on an inorganic material [8,9].…”