Enzyme: A Bio Catalyst for Cleaning up Textile and Apparel Sector

Justification of an approach to cellulase application in enzymatic softening of linen fabrics and clothing

“…The effectiveness of the pore structure modification was evaluated by the low-temperature nitrogen adsorption–desorption method at 77 K on a NOVA 1200e gas sorption analyzer (Quantachrome, Boynton Beach, FL, USA) to find out the pore volume ( V P , сm 3 g −1 ). The calculation of the pore size distribution was carried out on the basis of the descending branch of the adsorption–desorption curve analysis by the Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) method using a special computer program.…”

“…Besides, while 60 years ago the greatest demand was for starch-splitting enzymes, 1 now biotechnological processes are employed in a whole range of textile wet processing techniques. 2,3 Achievements in enzymology and molecular biology have opened up new opportunities for identification of new enzymes and obtaining recombinant preparations with modified properties, the use of which improves the quality and aesthetic properties of textile goods and reduces water and power consumption. 4 –6 Biochemical methods of modification of textile materials have been successfully combined with other innovations, such as the use of microwave or ultrasound treatment for process intensification, as well as with advanced nanotechnologies for providing goods with functional properties.…”

Enzymatic Treatment of Cotton Fabric for Desizing

“…Thus, enzymes derived from microorganisms have replaced the use of harmful chemical treatments in textile production to achieve an environmentally friendly and sustainable bio-based processing system. Microbial enzymes play a critical role in the sustainable wet processing of cellulosic textile materials [23]. Processes involving enzymes are currently of great interest for reasons of time reduction [24,25], low energy consumption, cost-effectiveness, non-toxicity, and environmental friendliness [26,27].…”

“…One of the textile industry's biggest challenges is reducing water and energy consumption. The use of microbial enzymes in the textile industry has significantly reduced water consumption by 19,000 L/t during the processing of textile fabrics [23,29].…”

“…In the presence of α-amylase, hydrolysis occurs along the entire polysaccharide chain, which is why this type of amylase is used in industry [24]. However, β-amylase and other types of amylase have not found industrial application because, in their presence, starch hydrolysis occurs at the terminal 1,4-glucan bonds [23]. Microbial α-amylases can potentially be used for desizing cotton fabrics sized with insoluble starches due to their selectivity, specificity, and environmental benefits [49,50].…”