Enzyme Activities in Tissue of Human
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia after
Three Months' Treatment with the
Sabalserrulata Extract IDS 89
(Strogen®) or Placebo

Weisser, Heike; Behnke, Bradley J.; Helpap, B.; Bach, D.; Krieg, Michael

doi:10.1159/000474426

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In fact, serum dihydrotestosterone did not decrease, indicating that the inhibition of 5-␣ reductase is not an important part of the mechanism (table 4). [15][16][17] Since we noted no effect of saw palmetto herbal blend on prostate inflammatory tissues, we did not confirm the antiinflammatory hypothesis of Helpap et al 18 An unexplained finding in our series is the lack of a change in serum PSA despite marked epithelial contraction. This apparent paradox may involve some novel mechanism of action that was not detected in our studies of apoptosis, cell proliferation, growth factors, angiogenesis and androgen receptor expression.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Effects of a Saw Palmetto Herbal Blend in Men With Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Marks¹,

Partin²,

Epstein³

et al. 2000

The Journal of Urology

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Purpose: We tested the effects of a saw palmetto herbal blend in men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) via a randomized, placebo controlled trial.Materials and Methods: We randomized 44 men 45 to 80 years old with symptomatic BPH into a trial of a saw palmetto herbal blend versus placebo. End points included routine clinical measures (symptom score, uroflowmetry and post-void residual urine volume), blood chemistry studies (prostate specific antigen, sex hormones and multiphasic analysis), prostate volumetrics by magnetic resonance imaging, and prostate biopsy for zonal tissue morphometry and semiquantitative histology studies.Results: Saw palmetto herbal blend and placebo groups had improved clinical parameters with a slight advantage in the saw palmetto group (not statistically significant). Neither prostate specific antigen nor prostate volume changed from baseline. Prostate epithelial contraction was noted, especially in the transition zone, where percent epithelium decreased from 17.8% at baseline to 10.7% after 6 months of saw palmetto herbal blend (p Ͻ0.01). Histological studies showed that the percent of atrophic glands increased from 25.2% to 40.9% after treatment with saw palmetto herbal blend (p Ͻ0.01). The mechanism of action appeared to be nonhormonal but it was not identified by tissue studies of apoptosis, cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, growth factors or androgen receptor expression. We noted no adverse effects of saw palmetto herbal blend. When the study was no longer blinded, 41 men elected to continue therapy in an open label extension.Conclusions: Saw palmetto herbal blend appears to be a safe, highly desirable option for men with moderately symptomatic BPH. The secondary outcome measures of clinical effect in our study were only slightly better for saw palmetto herbal blend than placebo (not statistically significant). However, saw palmetto herbal blend therapy was associated with epithelial contraction, especially in the transition zone (p Ͻ0.01), indicating a possible mechanism of action underlying the clinical significance detected in other studies.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Effects of a Saw Palmetto Herbal Blend in Men With Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Marks¹,

Partin²,

Epstein³

et al. 2000

The Journal of Urology

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show abstract

“…Saw palmetto is thought to treat BPH by inhibiting the 5-α-reductase enzyme (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17), which irreversibly converts testosterone to the more potent androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT), although conflicting evidence exists (18)(19)(20). The Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial found that treatment with finasteride, a strong 5-α-reductase inhibitor also used to treat BPH, decreased the risk of developing prostate cancer (21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saw Palmetto Supplement Use and Prostate Cancer Risk

Bonnar-Pizzorno

Littman

Kestin

et al. 2006

Nutrition and Cancer

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Saw palmetto is an herb used to treat the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. In vitro studies have found that saw palmetto inhibits growth of prostatic cancer cells and may induce apoptosis. To evaluate whether saw palmetto supplements are associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer, we conducted a prospective cohort study of 35,171 men aged 50-76 yr in western Washington state. Subjects completed questionnaires between 2000 and 2002 on frequency of use of saw palmetto supplements and saw palmetto-containing multivitamins over the previous 10 yr in addition to other information on supplement intake, medical history, and demographics. Men were followed through December 2003 (mean of 2.3 yr of follow-up) via the western Washington Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registry, during which time 580 developed prostate cancer. Ten percent of the cohort used saw palmetto at least once per week for a year in the 10 yr before baseline. No association was found between this level of use of saw palmetto and risk of prostate cancer development [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.95; 95% confidence interval = 0.74-1.23] or with increasing frequency or duration of use. In this free-living population, use of commercial saw palmetto, which varies widely in dose and constituent ratios, was not associated with prostate cancer risk.

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“…These secretions are stored in the ducts until the smooth muscle surrounding the ducts contracts under autonomic control, to expel the prostatic fluid just prior to ejaculation. The major constituents of prostatic fluid are polyamines, plasminogen, proteolytic enzymes, acid phosphatase, electrolytes, zinc, glucose and citric acid (Fair and Cordonnier, 1978; Zaichick et al ., 1996; Weisser et al ., 1997). Prostatic fluid, together with the fluid expelled from the seminal vesicle makes up the bulk of semen in which sperm is suspended to make up the ejaculate.…”

Section: Background: Normal Prostate Growth Development and Gland Fumentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel drug targets for the pharmacotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Ventura

Oliver

White

et al. 2011

British J Pharmacology

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the major cause of lower urinary tract symptoms in men aged 50 or older. Symptoms are not normally life threatening, but often drastically affect the quality of life. The number of men seeking treatment for BPH is expected to grow in the next few years as a result of the ageing male population. Estimates of annual pharmaceutical sales of BPH therapies range from $US 3 to 10 billion, yet this market is dominated by two drug classes. Current drugs are only effective in treating mild to moderate symptoms, yet despite this, no emerging contenders appear to be on the horizon. This is remarkable given the increasing number of patients with severe symptoms who are required to undergo invasive and unpleasant surgery. This review provides a brief background on prostate function and the pathophysiology of BPH, followed by a brief description of BPH epidemiology, the burden it places on society, and the current surgical and pharmaceutical therapies. The recent literature on emerging contenders to current therapies and novel drug targets is then reviewed, focusing on drug targets which are able to relax prostatic smooth muscle in a similar way to the a1-adrenoceptor antagonists, as this appears to be the most effective mechanism of action. Other mechanisms which may be of benefit are also discussed. It is concluded that recent basic research has revealed a number of novel drug targets such as muscarinic receptor or P2X-purinoceptor antagonists, which have the potential to produce more effective and safer drug treatments.

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Enzyme Activities in Tissue of Human Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia after Three Months' Treatment with the Sabalserrulata Extract IDS 89 (Strogen®) or Placebo

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of a Saw Palmetto Herbal Blend in Men With Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Effects of a Saw Palmetto Herbal Blend in Men With Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Saw Palmetto Supplement Use and Prostate Cancer Risk

Novel drug targets for the pharmacotherapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

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