Enzyme activity as an indicator of red cell age

Sass, Martin D.; Vorsanger, Eric; Spear, Paul W.

doi:10.1016/0009-8981(64)90210-4

Cited by 193 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In adult blood, however, G O T shows the greatest decline in accordance with the results of Sass et al (21). Komazawa and Oski (12) calculated ratios of enzyme activities between young and old cells of newborn infants and adults.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…As was shown by Sass et al (21), the G O T activity correlates well with red cell age. The G O T activity in neonatal and adult erythrocytes after separation is shown in Figure 5.…”

Section: Relationship Between Cell Age and Specific Densitysupporting

confidence: 64%

“…The distribution of reticulocytes and the G O T activity in the single layers confirmed that this technique offers a separation according to cell age. Sass et al (21), have shown that G O T activity provides the most sensitive reflection of cell age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fetal Properties in Red Blood Cells of Newborn Infants

Gahr¹,

Meves²,

Schröter³

1979

Pediatr Res

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SummaryIn order to identify the fetal features in neonatal erythrocytes, cord blood was separated into seven fractions of varying specific density. Cell age in the single fractions was ascertained by means of reticulocyte count, glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase activity, and hemoglobin F concentration. The same procedures were used with blood of adults. With the exception of the fraction of neonatal blood with the highest specific density, the blood from neonates and adults correlated well for cell age and specific density. The highest specific density fraction of neonatal blood was found to contain a higher proportion of younger cells.The comparison of enzyme activities in the single fractions between neonates and adults showed that a high activity of glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase and enolase and a low activity of phosphofructokinase are typical fetal signs of neonatal cells. SpeculationThe changing constitution of red blood cells (RBC), which were observed during the first months of life may be a part of the differentiation process. Due to their good accessibility and their relatively simple metabolism, erythrocytes from neonates can serve as a good in vivo model that helps to clarify the process of differentiation.As a part of the differentiation process the properties distinguishing neonatal from adult erythrocytes (17) are lost during the first months of life and are replaced by the corresponding adult properties. To examine the factors and mechanisms that govern the process of differentiation, it is first necessary to define the fetal properties of neonatal red cells.Due to the shorter lifespan of fetal erythrocytes and the higher proportion of young cells in blood of newborn infants, direct comparison with adult red cells is not possible. Therefore, in this study, a fractionation method was used that separated blood in subpopulations of cell age to better define the typical fetal signs of neonatal red cells. MATERIALS

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…As was shown by Sass et al (21), the G O T activity correlates well with red cell age. The G O T activity in neonatal and adult erythrocytes after separation is shown in Figure 5.…”

Section: Relationship Between Cell Age and Specific Densitysupporting

confidence: 64%

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Fetal Properties in Red Blood Cells of Newborn Infants

Gahr¹,

Meves²,

Schröter³

1979

Pediatr Res

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“…It has been well established that the activity of many red cell enzymes decreases progressively with increasing cell age in adults as well as in newborn infants (1,17,25,35). Agedependent alterations have been observed in the catalytic and electrophoretic or electrofocusing properties of some erythrocyte enzymes ( 2 , 6 , 7 , 10, 19, 27, 28, 29,32-34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunologie Study of the Age-related Loss of Activity of Six Enzymes in the Red Cells from Newborn Infants and Adults — Evidence for a Fetal Type of Erythrocyte Phosphofructokinase

et al. 1977

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SummaryBlood from 10 normal healthy adults and cord blood from 8 healthy full term infants were infiltrated through a mixture sulfoethylethycellulose-Sephadex G 25 in order to eliminate the platelets and the leukocytes. Then the erythrocytes were fractionated into young and old cells by centrifugation in microhematocrit tubes. The enzyme activity and the immunologic reactivity of glucose phosphate isomerase (EC. 5.3.1.9). phosphoglycerate kinase (EC. 2.7.2.3), pyruvate kinase (EC. 2.7.1.40), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC. 1.1.1.49), and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (EC. 1.1.1.44) were measured in every fraction.As previously reported, the enzyme activities were far higher in cord blood than in adult blood red cells; nevertheless, the agerelated loss of enzyme activity was similar in both cord and adult blood. The decrease of the enzyme activity of glucose phosphate isomerase and phosphoglycerate kinase in old cells was singly associated with a lowered concentration of the enzyme-related antigen; by contrast, the age-related decrease of the enzyme activity of pyruvate kinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase was associated with both a lowered concentration of the enzyme-related antigen and a lowered "molecular specific activity" (i.e., a lowered ratio of enzyme activity to enzyme-related antigen concentration). This phenomenon was especially marked for pyruvate kinase, which had a molecular specific activity in old cells that was 68% of that in young cells.Phosphofructokinase had a lower enzyme activity in cord blood ervthrocvtes than in adult blood ervthrocvtes; the diierence was espeAally important in old cells -from hfants in which phosphofructokinase activity was 53% of that in old cells from adults. ~hos~hofructokinase from old cells of full term infants and from unfractionated cells from two premature infants (21 and 32 weeks of gestation) was less neutralized by anti-muscle phosphofructokinase serum and more inhibited by ATP than the enzyme from adult blood erythrocytes.of a "fetal-type" phosphofructokinase. This fetal enzyme could be relatively deficient in the muscle-type subunit which accounts for about 50% of the activity of the normal phosphofructokinase in adult blood erythrocytes. These data could be involved in the metabolic peculiarities and in the reduced viability characterizing the fetal red blood cells.

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“…Wurzinger and Mohrenweiser (1982) reported that cord blood erythrocyte GOT1 activity was 1.3 times the activity in erythrocyte from pregnant females, 1.5 times the activity in non-pregnant females and 2.0 times the activity in males. The cord blood-adult blood disparities were thought to be related to cell age (Sass et al, 1964;Gahr et al, 1979;Mohrenweiser et al, 1981), while those between pregnant females and normal adults were related to increased vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) intake Jpn. Jo Human Genet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophoretic variants of blood proteins in Japanese VII. Cytoplasmic glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT1)

Satoh

Takahashi

et al. 1986

Jap J Human Genet

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SummaryA total of 16,835 children, of whom 11,737 are unrelated, from Hiroshima and Nagasaki were examined for erythrocyte cytoplasmic glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT1) by starch gel electrophoresis. A variant allele named GOTI*2HR1 which seems to be identical with GOT1*2 was encountered in polymorphic frequency. Five kinds of rare variants, 3NG1, 4NG1, 5NG1, 6HR1 and 7NG1 were encountered in a total of 109 children. Except for 7NGI for which complete family study was unable, family studies confirmed the genetic nature of these rare variants, since for all instances in which both parents could be examined, one of the parents exhibited the same variant as that of their child. Thermostability profiles of these six variants were normal. The enzyme activities of five were decreased, while the value of one was normal compared to that of GOTI 1.

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Enzyme activity as an indicator of red cell age

Cited by 193 publications

References 8 publications

Fetal Properties in Red Blood Cells of Newborn Infants

Fetal Properties in Red Blood Cells of Newborn Infants

Immunologie Study of the Age-related Loss of Activity of Six Enzymes in the Red Cells from Newborn Infants and Adults — Evidence for a Fetal Type of Erythrocyte Phosphofructokinase

Electrophoretic variants of blood proteins in Japanese VII. Cytoplasmic glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT1)

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