Enzyme adsorption, precipitation and crosslinking of glucose oxidase and laccase on polyaniline nanofibers for highly stable enzymatic biofuel cells

Self Cite

CNTs need to be dispersed in aqueous solution for their successful use, and most methods to disperse CNTs rely on tedious and time-consuming acid-based oxidation. Here, we report the simple dispersion of intact multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by adding them directly into an aqueous solution of glucose oxidase (GOx), resulting in simultaneous CNT dispersion and facile enzyme immobilization through sequential enzyme adsorption, precipitation, and crosslinking (EAPC). The EAPC achieved high enzyme loading and stability because of crosslinked enzyme coatings on intact CNTs, while obviating the chemical pretreatment that can seriously damage the electron conductivity of CNTs. EAPC-driven GOx activity was 4.5- and 11-times higher than those of covalently-attached GOx (CA) on acid-treated CNTs and simply-adsorbed GOx (ADS) on intact CNTs, respectively. EAPC showed no decrease of GOx activity for 270 days. EAPC was employed to prepare the enzyme anodes for biofuel cells, and the EAPC anode produced 7.5-times higher power output than the CA anode. Even with a higher amount of bound non-conductive enzymes, the EAPC anode showed 1.7-fold higher electron transfer rate than the CA anode. The EAPC on intact CNTs can improve enzyme loading and stability with key routes of improved electron transfer in various biosensing and bioelectronics devices.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of enzyme-based coatings on intact multi-walled carbon nanotubes as highly effective electrodes in biofuel cells

Kim

Lee

Kwon

et al. 2017

Self Cite

“…The obtained results suggest that the HBFC based on Au-co-Pt bimetallic anode and BP-Au-BODx enzyme based biocathode has the potential for becoming high power generating fuel cell if coupled with a properly designed voltage amplification circuit. This is one of the best continuously operating HBFC and most of the enzymatic biofuel cell in the literature report storage/intermittent operating stability 39 – 41 . This performance in continuous operational stability is presumably due to the effective oxidation of adsorbed glucose at the Au-co-Pt and reduction at the BODx modified biocathode.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of highly effective hybrid biofuel cell based on integral colloidal platinum and bilirubin oxidase on gold support

Hasan

Kuis

Narayanan

et al. 2018

A hybrid biofuel cell (HBFC) is explored as a low-cost alternative to abiotic and enzymatic biofuel cells. Here the HBFC provides an enzymeless approach for the fabrication of the anodic electrode while employing an enzymatic approach for the fabrication of the cathodic electrode to develop energy harvesting platform to power bioelectronic devices. The anode employed 250 μm braided gold wire modified with colloidal platinum (Au-co-Pt) and bilirubin oxidase (BODx) modified gold coated Buckypaper (BP-Au-BODx) cathode. The functionalization of the gold coated multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) structures of the BP electrodes is achieved by 3-mercaptopropionic acid surface modification to possess negatively charged carboxylic groups and subsequently followed by EDC/Sulfo-NHS (1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-Hydroxysulfosuccinimide) crosslinking with BODx. The integration of the BODx and gold coated MWCNTs is evaluated for bioelectrocatalytic activity. The Au-co-Pt and BP-Au-BODx exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity towards glucose oxidation with a linear dynamic range up to 20 mM glucose and molecular oxygen reduction, respectively. The HBFC demonstrated excellent performance with the largest open circuit voltages of 0.735 V and power density of 46.31 μW/cm2 in 3 mM glucose. In addition, the HBFC operating on 3 mM glucose exhibited excellent uninterrupted operational stability while continuously powering a small electronic device. These results provide great opportunities for implementing this simple but efficient HBFC to harvest the biochemical energy of target fuel(s) in diverse medical and environmental applications.

“…Especially for implantable biomedical devices, glucose is considered as an ideal fuel. The performance of biofuel cells basically depends on the selection of anodic and cathodic configuration 23 – 26 . However, the anodic enzyme glucose oxidase has apoenzyme as an electron transferring unit which is deeply buried inside its structure 27 , 28 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Glucose Powered Biofuel Cell Anode Developed by Polyaniline-Silver as Electron Transfer Enhancer and Ferritin as Biocompatible Redox Mediator

Haque

Inamuddin

Nasar

et al. 2017

Polyaniline-silver (PANI-Ag)/ferritin (Frt)/glucose oxidase (GOx) biocompatible anode was utilized for creating power from glucose. The synthesized nanocomposite was investigated by EIS (Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), SEM (Scanning electron microscopy), CV (Cyclic voltammetry), and LSV (Linear sweep voltammetry) to know the morphology, crystallinity and electrochemical behaviour of the nanocomposite. The electroactive support (PANI-Ag) was utilized for the immobilization of the enzyme (GOx) and a biocompatible mediator (Frt) to enhance the electrical signals. The electrochemical estimations of the manufactured bioanode were done by utilizing cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The current density obtained by the PANI-Ag/Frt/GOx bioanode was observed to be 25.40 ± 2 mA cm−2 at 40 mM of glucose concentration at a scan rate of 100 mVs−1.