“…The first DNAzyme for RNA cleavage was reported in 1994 using an in vitro selection designed with metal ions (Breaker and Joyce, 1994). Since then, many DNAzymes have been selected and applied to detect metals such as Zn 2+ , Cu 2+ , UO 2+ , Pb 2+ , Ag + , and Hg 2+ (Liu and Lu, 2007;Luo et al, 2012;Endo et al, 2015;Saran and Liu, 2016;Yun et al, 2016). Besides, in recent years, many RNA-cleaving fluorogenic DNAzymes (RFDs) have been selected through crude extracellular mixtures (CEM) and detect common bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, Bacterial pathogen, and Legionella pneumophila (Zhang et al, 2016).…”