Enzyme-free electrochemical sensor platforms based on transition metal nanostructures for clinical diagnostics

Abstract

This minireview aims to highlight the advancement of enzyme-free electrochemical lactic acid and glucose sensors platforms based on transition metal-derived nanostructures for clinical diagnostics.

Novel Hybrid Copper-Based Electrode for Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Lactic Acid Sensing in Milk Samples

“…3 The sensor contains Fe3O4 and GO that are used to achieve magnetic and conductive chitosan-MIPs through an easy cross-linking reaction. 3 Enzyme-free LA sensor composed of mutli-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposites incorporated with copper and cobalt oxide (Co 3 O 4 /CuO@MWCNTs) were prepared and assessed in simulated human sweat for the first time by B. Tao et al 17 Transition metals such as copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn) and cobalt (Co) have attracted considerable attention in the development of non-enzymatic biosensors [21][22][23][24] as sensing platforms for measuring various analytes such as LA, 1,19,23,24 ascorbic acid, 25 and glucose. 21,23,24,26,27 Copper-based catalysts, including metallic copper, oxides, and copper complexes, are among the most attractive transition metals due to their cost-effectiveness, excellent catalytic activity, biocompatibility, ease of synthesis, and good electrochemical properties, making them a preferred choice for electrochemical applications.…”