Enzyme-free uric acid electrochemical sensors using β-cyclodextrin-modified carboxylic acid-functionalized carbon nanotubes

Wayu, Mulugeta B.; Schwarzmann, Margaret A.; Gillespie, Samuel; Leopold, Michael C.

doi:10.1007/s10853-017-0844-9

Cited by 37 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In addition, the linearity range is capable of detecting UA levels marking the onset of health risk. The detection limit is comparable to those of Wayu et al [18][19][20] of UA using a β-cyclodextrin-based electrocatalyst composite in place of the refluxed ZnO NPs. Figure 7A shows the chronoamperometry response of ZnO/COOH-MWNTs modified glassy carbon electrode at +0.577 V vs. Ag/AgCl upon addition of 100 μM concentrations of UA, H2O2, FA, DA, Glu, AP, AA and UA, respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

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Raman Spectroscopy as an Assay to Disentangle Zinc Oxide Carbon Nanotube Composites for Optimized Uric Acid Detection

et al. 2018

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Refluxed zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared and attached to carboxylic acid functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (COOH-MWNTs) via sonication. Practical optimization of electrocatalysts using sonication to disentangle a carbon nanotube composite for monitoring uric acid (UA) is shown. Monitoring UA is important for the management of medical disorders. Selection of sonication time is a crucial step in producing the desired composite. We report, for the first time, the practical use of Raman spectroscopy to tune the sonication involved in tethering ZnO NPs to the multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) surface. Maximum current for detecting UA, using chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry, correlated with the highest sp2-hybridized carbon signal, as seen in the integrated Raman G band peak areas denoting maximum COOH-MWNT disentanglement. An array of ZnO/COOH-MWNT composites were prepared ranging from 60 to 240 min sonication times. Optimum sonication (150 min) corresponded with both maximum measured current and MWNT disentanglement. The sensor was able to quantitatively and selectively measure UA at clinically relevant concentrations (100–900 μM) with rapid current response time (< 5 s).

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Hence, improved methods for rapid, accurate UA concentration monitoring are needed. The development of electrochemical electrode composites for improved UA sensing is an active area of research [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The state-of-the-art UA sensing composite employs precious metals in its fabrication [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Spectroscopy as an Assay to Disentangle Zinc Oxide Carbon Nanotube Composites for Optimized Uric Acid Detection

et al. 2018

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“…Carbon nanotubes have been used in several biomedical and biosensing applications involving (a) an immunosensor for detection of T-2 mycotoxins in feed and pork [5], (b) a biosensor for detection of 17β-estradiol in humans [6], and (c) a electrochemical sensor for detection of uric acid in blood and urine [7]. In addition, MWCNTs when stereotactically delivered to the mouse brain were found to reduce blood pressure drastically in the treated mouse [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized, Vertically Super-Aligned Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Potential Biomedical Applications

Komane

Kumar

Choonara

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Currently, there is a lack of ultrasensitive diagnostic tool to detect some diseases such as ischemic stroke, thereby impacting effective and efficient intervention for such diseases at an embryonic stage. In addition to the lack of proper detection of the neurological diseases, there is also a challenge in the treatment of these diseases. Carbon nanotubes have a potential to be employed in solving the theragnostic challenges in those diseases. In this study, carbon nanotubes were successfully synthesized for potential application in the detection and treatment of the neurological diseases such as ischemic stroke. Vertically aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes (VA-MWCNTs) were purified with HCl, carboxylated with H2SO4:HNO3 (3:1) and acylated with SOCl2 for use in potential targeting studies and for the design of a carbon-based electrode for possible application in the diagnosis of neurological diseases, including ischemic stroke. MWCNTs were washed, extracted from the filter membranes and dried in a vacuum oven at 60 °C for 24 h prior to functionalization and PEGylation. CNTs were characterized by SEM, TEM, OCA, DLS, CV and EIS. The HCl-treated CNT obtained showed an internal diameter, outer diameter and thickness of 8 nm, 34 nm and 75 µm, while these parameters for the H2SO4-HNO3-treated CNT were 8 nm, 23 nm and 41µm, respectively. PEGylated CNT demonstrated zeta potential, polydispersive index and particle size distribution of 6 mV, 0.41 and 98 nm, respectively. VA-MWCNTs from quartz tube were successfully purified, carboxylated, acylated and PEGylated for potential functionalization for use in targeting studies. For designing the carbon-based electrode, VA-MWCNTs on silicon wafer were successfully incorporated into epoxy resin for diagnostic applications. Functionalized MWCNTs were nontoxic towards PC-12 neuronal cells. In conclusion, vertically super-aligned MWCNTs have been successfully synthesized and functionalized for possible theragnostic biomedical applications in neurological disorders such as ischemic stroke.

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“…NMs of this nature offer unique properties with regard to biosensing including their high conductivity, favorable interaction with biological materials, and surface area–to–volume ratio. NMs have demonstrated enhancement of amperometric–based signals at electrode interfaces [15,17] including LbL constructed systems involving xerogels and semi-permeable membranes [9,18,19,20]. The collective body of work suggests that NMs provide a remedy to the trade–off between sensitivity and selectivity due their stability within the layered assemblies of these biosensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Generation Amperometric Biosensing of Galactose with Xerogel-Carbon Nanotube Layer-By-Layer Assemblies

et al. 2018

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A first-generation amperometric galactose biosensor has been systematically developed utilizing layer-by-layer (LbL) construction of xerogels, polymers, and carbon nanotubes toward a greater fundamental understanding of sensor design with these materials and the potential development of a more efficient galactosemia diagnostic tool for clinical application. The effect of several parameters (xerogel silane precursor, buffer pH, enzyme concentration, drying time and the inclusion of a polyurethane (PU) outer layer) on galactose sensitivity were investigated with the critical nature of xerogel selection being demonstrated. Xerogels formed from silanes with medium, aliphatic side chains were shown to exhibit significant enhancements in sensitivity with the addition of PU due to decreased enzyme leaching. Semi-permeable membranes of diaminobenzene and resorcinol copolymer and Nafion were used for selective discrimination against interferent species and the accompanying loss of sensitivity with adding layers was countered using functionalized, single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Optimized sensor performance included effective galactose sensitivity (0.037 μA/mM) across a useful diagnostic concentration range (0.5 mM to 7 mM), fast response time (~30 s), and low limits of detection (~80 μM) comparable to literature reports on galactose sensors. Additional modification with anionic polymer layers and/or nanoparticles allowed for galactose detection in blood serum samples and additional selectivity effectiveness.

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Enzyme-free uric acid electrochemical sensors using β-cyclodextrin-modified carboxylic acid-functionalized carbon nanotubes

Cited by 37 publications

References 45 publications

Raman Spectroscopy as an Assay to Disentangle Zinc Oxide Carbon Nanotube Composites for Optimized Uric Acid Detection

Raman Spectroscopy as an Assay to Disentangle Zinc Oxide Carbon Nanotube Composites for Optimized Uric Acid Detection

Functionalized, Vertically Super-Aligned Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Potential Biomedical Applications

First Generation Amperometric Biosensing of Galactose with Xerogel-Carbon Nanotube Layer-By-Layer Assemblies

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