Enzyme immunoassay for potato glycoalkaloids

Plhak, Leslie C.; Sporns, Peter

doi:10.1021/jf00024a038

Cited by 39 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…In Japan, the former two are major cultivars sold in the market for home cooking. Sayaka and Touya are new cultivars registered in 1995and 1992and released in 1998and 1995, respectively (NHPI, 2000. Sayaka has white skin and flesh, shallow eyes, and slow greening ability.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, potatoes of various physiological stages are sold in stores. Therefore, cultivars that accumulate less glycoalkaloids even after storage or under stressed conditions, in addition to low intrinsic glycoalkaloid content, are preferred.Quantitative analyses of glycoalkaloids have been carried out by gas chromatography (Gelder, 1985;Lawson et al, 1992), immunoassays (Plhak & Sporns, 1992), and HPLC (Dao & Friedman, 1996;Griffiths et al, 1998;Kozukue et al, 1987;Percival & Dixon, 1994;Saito et al, 1990; Sotelo & Serrano, 2000). HPLC with a UV detector is now the most widely used apparatus for the analysis of oe-solanine and oe-chaconine due to its high data reproducibility, ease of operation, and relatively low cost.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Quantification of Light-Induced Glycoalkaloids, .ALPHA.-Solanine and .ALPHA.-Chaconine, in Four Potato Cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.) Distributed in Japan by LC/MS

Chuda¹,

Tsuda

Ohara-Takada

et al. 2004

FSTR

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The major glycoalkaloids, a-solanine and a-chaconine, in potato tubers were determined by LC/ESI-MS. The average recoveries from spiked samples by the method used in this study were more than 94% with RSD of analytical values less than 5% for both oe-solanine and a-chaconine. The total glycoalkaloid contents in tubers of four potato cultivars distributed in Japan, cv. Irish Cobbler, Touya, May Queen, and Sayaka, were compared. There was no significant difference in glycoalkaloid content between immature and mature tubers among all the cultivars tested. There was also no significant difference among cultivars in glycoalkaloid content at either the immature or mature stage, except for May Queen, which had higher glycoalkaloid contents at both stages. Glycoalkaloid content increased significantly in cv. May Queen and Touya with 7 days of light exposure immediately after harvest. The light exposure increased glycoalkaloid content in the long-term stored tubers of all four cultivars tested and that in the short-term stored tubers, except for Sayaka.Keywords: solanum tuberosum, potato, glycoalkaloids, oe-solanine, oe-chaconine, LC/MS, Iight. IntroductionToxic glycoalkaloids have been found in plants of the Solanaceae family, such as tomato, eggplant and potato. The major potato glycoalkaloids, namely, oc-solanine and cr-chaconine, (Fig. 1) are detected in tissues of tubers except in the pith or center portion (Maga, 1980). It has been reported that these glycoalkaloids show acute toxicity (Jellema et al., 1980; McMillan & Thompson, 1980), chronic toxicity (Mun et al., 1975;Keeler et al., 1976), and have a bitter taste (Sinden & Deahl, 1976; Woolfe, 1987). The intrinsic glycoalkaloid content in tubers of commercial potato cultivars is low due to selection in breeding, but the content may increase in response to environmental stress conditions, such as light (Friedman, 1997;Griffiths et al., 1994;Kozukue et al., 1993;Maga, 1980;Percival & Dixon, 1994;Percival, 1999; Sinden et al., 1984; Woolfe, 1987), frost and hail damage, and wounding during harvesting or postharvest handling (Woolfe, 1987). Among these stress conditions, the stimulation of glycoalkaloid accumulation with light exposure is a major problem for farmers, packers, suppliers, and vendors of potato (Percival & Dixon, 1994). This is because potato is exposed to various lights and illuminations, such as daylight, fluorescent light, and incandescent light, during harvest, transport, and marketing. The E-mail: chuda @ affrc . go . j p increase in glycoalkaloid content lowers the quality of potato tubers for market.The intrinsic glycoalkaloid content and the accumulation of glycoalkaloids with light exposure in potato tubers vary with physiological stages, i.e., immaturity, full maturity and aging (stored potato) as well as with cultivars (Griffiths et al., 1994; Sinden et al., 1984). In Japan, some potato tubers are harvested before full maturity and consumed without storage. Most of them, however, are harvested at full maturity and stored for various periods, ...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Light-Induced Glycoalkaloids, .ALPHA.-Solanine and .ALPHA.-Chaconine, in Four Potato Cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.) Distributed in Japan by LC/MS

Chuda¹,

Tsuda

Ohara-Takada

et al. 2004

FSTR

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“…Various analytical techniques are used for the determination of steroidal alkaloids and glycoalkaloids, including mass spectrometry (MS) [13], isotachophoresis [14], thinlayer chromatography [15], colorimetric methods [16], gas chromatography [17,18], countercurrent chromatography [19], high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) [20,21], and immunoassays [22,23]. HPLC methods are more frequently used even though detection by UV absorbance is problematic because GAs lack a strong UV-visible chromophore.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of glycoalkaloids and relative aglycones by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis coupled with electrospray ionization-ion trap mass spectrometry

Bianco

Schmitt‐Kopplin²,

Benedetto³

et al. 2002

Electrophoresis

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Glycoalkaloids are naturally occurring nitrogen-containing compounds present in many species of the family Solanaceae, including cultivated and wild potatoes (Solanum spp.), tomatoes (Lycopersicon spp.), etc. These compounds have pharmacological and toxicological effects on humans due to their significant anticholinesterase activity and disruption of cell membranes. Herein is reported the development of a capillary electrophoresis (CE) method using nonaqueous (NA) separation solutions in combination with ion trap mass spectrometry (MS and MS/MS) detection for the identification and quantification of glycoalkaloids and their relative aglycones. A mixture 90:10 v/v of MeCN-MeOH containing 50 mM ammonium acetate and 1.2 M acetic acid (applied voltage of 25.5 kV) was selected as a good compromise for the separation and detection of these compounds. The electrospray MS measurements were carried out in the positive ionization mode using a coaxial sheath liquid, methanol-water (1:1) with 1% of acetic acid at a flow rate of 2.5 microL/min. Under optimized experimental conditions, the predominant ion was the protonated molecular ion ([M+H](+)) of solanidine (m/z = 398), tomatidine (m/z = 416), chaconine (m/z = 852), solanine (m/z = 868), and tomatine (m/z = 1034). MS/MS experiments were carried out systematically by changing the relative collisional energy and monitoring the intensities of the fragment ions that were not high enough to allow better quantification than with the mother ions. The method was used for analyzing glycoalkaloids in potato extracts.

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“…3 ppm which was far below the maximum residue limit of IPC in potato tubers (50 ppm) in Japan. Table 2 shows the recovery of spiked IPC at [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] ppm.…”

Section: Assays In Potato Tubersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for analysis of various pesticides and natural toxicants has been reported in recent years. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Chlorpropham (IPC, isopropyl 3-chlorocarbanilate) is a selective systemic herbicide, which is used in pre-emergence control of many annual grasses and some broad-leaved weeds in the fields. 8 IPC is also used as a post-harvest treatment for stored potato tubers to inhibit sprouting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%