Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays Using Recombinant Envelope Protein Expressed in COS-1 and Drosophila S2 Cells for Detection of West Nile Virus Immunoglobulin M in Serum or Cerebrospinal Fluid

Abstract

Humans infected with West Nile virus (WNV) develop immunoglobulin M (IgM

Persistence of antibodies to West Nile virus nonstructural protein 5

“…Most WNV IgM assays utilize recombinant premembrane/envelope (preM/E) protein (Davis et al, 2001). These assays exhibit excellent sensitivity for identifying individuals recently exposed to WNV (Hogrefe et al, 2004;Muerhoff et al, 2004;Holmes et al, 2005;Tilley et al, 2005;Rawlins et al, 2007).…”

West Nile virus: A re-emerging pathogen revisited

“…For these reasons, several ELISAs have been developed using recombinant viral proteins, mainly the envelope E protein or parts of it, because this protein is highly exposed to the host immune system and bears most of the neutralizing epitopes described [206] . These recombinant antigens have been expressed in a variety of systems, including bacteria [207] , mammalian cells [208,209] , insect cells [209][210][211] , and larvae [211] . Other formats, such as microsphere particles in conjunction with fluorescent labelled antibodies and lateral-flow assays have also been recently assayed [53] .…”

Monoclonal Antibody-Based Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detecting and Quantifying West Nile Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Horse Sera

“…There are several examples of the use of recombinant E proteins of WNV to develop diagnostic tests that are based on the indirect ELISA format (3,13,21,35). However, in a preliminary study using a competitive ELISA format, we found that WNV serum-neutralizing antibodies in most equine sera did not inhibit 5E8 binding to recombinant E protein expressed in Escherichia coli, perhaps due to conformational alterations in critical antigenic structures in the recombinant E protein.…”