The
creation of synthetic materials that emulate the complexity
of natural systems, such as enzymes, remains a challenge in biomimicry.
Here, we present a simple yet effective strategy to introduce substrate
selectivity and dynamic responsiveness into an enzyme-mimetic supramolecular
material. We achieved this by anchoring γ-cyclodextrin to a
fluorene-modified Lys/Cu2+ assembly, which mimics copper-dependent
oxidase. The binding affinity among the components was examined using 1H NMR, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and theoretical
simulation. The γ-cyclodextrin acts as a host, forming a complex
with the fluorenyl moiety and aromatic substrates of specific sizes.
This ensures the proximity of the substrate reactive groups to the
copper center, leading to size-selective enhancement of aromatic substrate
oxidation, particularly favoring biphenyl substrates. Notably, α-
and β-cyclodextrins do not exhibit this effect, and the native
oxidase lacks this selectivity. Additionally, the binding affinity
of the aromatic substrate to the catalyst can be dynamically tuned
by adding α-cyclodextrin or by irradiating with different wavelengths
in the presence of competitive azo-guests, resulting in switched oxidative
activities. This approach offers a new avenue for designing biomimetic
materials with tailorable active site structures and catalytic properties.