Enzyme potentialities of the abomasum and pancreas of the calf. II. — Effects of weaning and feeding a liquid supplement to ruminant animals

Abstract

Weaning caused a decrease in the chymosin content and an increase in the pepsin content of the abomasum. The amount of chymosin per kg of carcass was on the average 2.8-fold lower and that of pepsin 1.9-fold higher in groups S and SL than in group L. The amount of pepsin tended to be higher in group S than in group SL, but only the difference observed (36 %) for the total amount was significant.In group S, the pancreata showed more chymotrypsin, trypsin and amylase activities but less lipase activity than in group L ; the observed differences in these activities per kg of carcass were 32, 49, 70 and 24 %, respectively. The activities of group SL were lower than those of group L for trypsin, chymotrypsin and lipase but higher for amylase (17, 12, 44 and 18 %, respectively). Group SL exhibited lower activities than group S (55, 67, 16 and 44 %, respectively, for trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase and amylase).Weaning appeared to induce large changes in abomasal and pancreatic enzyme potentialities which exhibited patterns similar to the variations in the amounts of substrate intake. In our experimental conditions, giving a liquid supplement to ruminant calves had a depressive effect on the activities of the enzymes (except chymosin), in the pancreas and the abomasum.Introduction.

Short communication: Use of fecal starch concentration as an indicator of dry feed digestion in preweaned dairy calves

“…Compared with weaned calves, the relationship of TTSD to FS was inversely related and highly variable in preweaned calves (Figure 1). This result seems logical, as pancreatic production of α-amylase was shown to be low or nonexistent at birth and increased as starch intake increased with age in calves fed milk supplemented with 0.5% corn starch (Huber et al, 1961) or milk replacer with concentrate feed containing 74% corn and 52% starch (Guilloteau et al, 1985). Starter intake was negatively related to MR feeding rates, which was expected given that many studies have observed a reduction in starter intake with increasing MR allowance (Hill et al, 2006a(Hill et al, ,b, 2007Bach et al, 2013).…”

Collection of pancreatic juice in experimental animals: mini-review of materials and methods

“…Lee et al (1986) (Kiela et al, 1996). Electrophoretic separation of proteolytic enzymes showed that in the pancreatic juice collected using pouch method the proteolytic enzymes are near fully active or fully active (Gabert et al, 1997 (Guilloteau et al, 1985, Le Dr6an et al, 1997 …”

Development of gastrointestinal and pancreatic functions in mammalians (mainly bovine and porcine species): influence of age and ingested food

“…Weaning induces a sharp increase in gastric pepsin and lysozyme activities but a decrease in chymosin activity, which does not disappear in ruminant animals [24,39,75]. In calves, daily quantities of juice, pepsin and electrolytes largely increase; however, those of chymosin decrease [34,44].…”