Enzyme-Treated Soybean Meal Enhanced Performance via Improving Immune Response, Intestinal Morphology and Barrier Function of Nursery Pigs in Antibiotic Free Diets

Long, Shenfei; Ma, Jun; Yu-xin, LI; Rasmussen, Simone Husballe; Liu, Li

doi:10.3390/ani11092600

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Animals fed the high-CP diet had higher expression of IFN-γ, which may be related to higher SBM levels compared to the low-CP treatments (261 × 73 g/kg). High levels of indigestible proteins in the diet might result in inflammatory response, especially by increasing pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, which might decrease gut integrity ( 43 ). Actually, in the present study, the higher IFN-γ in pigs fed high-CP diets was associated with reduced OCL expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of crude protein and non-essential amino acids on growth performance, blood profile, and intestinal health of weaned piglets

Correia,

Genova,

Saraiva

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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This study investigated the effect of crude protein (CP) and non-essential amino acid (NEAA) supplementation on the growth performance, blood profile, intestinal morphology, mRNA relative abundance of inflammatory and antioxidant markers, and tight junction proteins in piglets over the first 2 weeks after weaning. Ninety 21-day-old piglets (7.55 ± 0.72 kg) were assigned in a randomized block design to one of three dietary treatments: (1) high CP, a diet with 24% CP; (2) low CP, a diet with 18% CP; and (3) low CP + NEAA, a diet with 18% CP supplemented with 5 g/kg Arg (L-arginine; purity >99%) and 10 g/kg Glu + Gln (minimum 10% L-glutamine and minimum 10% L-glutamate). Piglets were fed with corn-soybean meal basal diets in a 14-day trial. There was an improvement (p < 0.05) in the feed conversion ratio of piglets fed the high-CP diet compared to treatments with low CP or low CP + NEAA. Serum urea nitrogen was higher (p < 0.05) in piglets fed high CP compared to other dietary treatments. In the duodenum, the villus height of animals fed the low-CP + NEAA diets was greater (p < 0.05) than those fed with the high- and low-CP diets. The goblet cell proportion of piglets fed low CP + NEAA or high CP was higher (p < 0.05) compared to low CP. In the jejunum, the crypt depth of the piglets with the high-CP dietary treatment was greater (p < 0.05) in comparison with low CP + NEAA. In the jejunum, IFN-γ mRNA expression was higher (p < 0.05) in animals fed the high-CP diets compared to other dietary treatments. However, superoxide dismutase and occludin mRNA expression were higher (p < 0.05) in animals fed low CP + NEAA than in piglets on the high-CP diets. In the ileum, the number of Peyer’s patches in piglets fed high CP was higher (p < 0.05) compared to other dietary treatments. In conclusion, the high-CP diet (24% CP) improves the feed conversion of piglets in the first 2 weeks after weaning compared to the low-CP diet (18% CP) supplemented or not with NEAA. However, the low-CP diet supplemented with NEAA (Arg, Gln, and Glu) improves intestinal health in piglets by promoting greater villus height and proportion of goblet cells in the duodenum, reducing jejunal crypt depth, and reducing Peyer’s number patches in the ileum. In addition, piglets that received the low-CP + NEAA diet showed an increase in superoxide dismutase and occludin and a lower expression of IFN-γ mRNA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of crude protein and non-essential amino acids on growth performance, blood profile, and intestinal health of weaned piglets

Correia,

Genova,

Saraiva

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Another strategy based on the use of enzymatically processed plant products, in particular, soy has shown beneficial effects on feed transformation, immune response and intestinal barrier function in post-weaning piglets fed an antibiotic-free diet (Long et al, 2021). Consumption of such product improved the small intestinal villi morphometric parameters and the expression of enterocyte adhesion proteins, including Z-occludin 1 (Ruckman et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The post-weaning piglet's intestinal system is extremely vulnerable to enteropathogens due to antibody deficiencies, lack of immune response and intestinal barrier function. Therefore, immune response maintenance, intestinal morphology and barrier function are considered to be the main issues for maintaining piglet health after weaning (Long et al, 2021;Zeng et al, 2021). Unfortunately, the number of studies on the effects of short-chain fatty acids and monoglycerides as an alternative strategy to antibiotics in pig production is extremely limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fibronectin measurement as a potential molecular marker for barrier function assessment of piglet intestine

Masiuk,

Romanenko,

Herrman

et al. 2023

TAVM

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Searching for modern strategies to ensure productive parameters in the context of modern requirements for the relatively limited use of antibiotics as growth stimulants is relevant for the pig breeding industry. First and foremost, maintaining intestinal health is the main goal of feed additive application that have beneficial effects on the productive animals' health. Monitoring the intestinal system state and timely responding to the development of enteropathogens is essential in the context of limited antibiotics usage. Molecular markers of the intestinal system are promising tool for monitoring the basic functions of the intestine, including the intestinal barrier. Given the fact that protection against enteropathogens is provided by specialized cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesions, changes in the content of intercellular adhesion proteins may reflect the intestinal barrier density. Fatty acid mixtures are considered to be one of the promising alternatives to the antibiotics use in animal farming. In order to determine the intestinal barrier function status, the modulation of fibronectin content as the extracellular matrix marker in piglets was determined after consumption of a short-chain fatty acid-monoglyceride mixture (SCA-M). Сontrol group of animals consumed a standard diet. The experimental group exposed to a mixture of SCA-M at a dose of 5 g/kg for 4 weeks. The fibronectin content was determined by immunoblotting in the small intestine tissue of the control and experimental groups piglets. It was shown that the fibronectin content in piglets of the experimental group was significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. The determination of total protein in the blood serum and intestinal tissue extracts of piglets did not showed a significant difference between the control and experimental groups. Comparative analysis of the average daily weight gain found out a tendency to a more progressive increase in piglet weight. In general, the obtained results indicate a beneficial SCA-M effect on the fibronectin content modulation and intestinal barrier density maintenance in piglets. Comprehensive molecular markers studies of the piglet intestinal system will be useful for the advance of antibiotic-free strategies in accordance with modern pig breeding requirements.

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“…Due to the high nutrients and low antinutritional compounds in SPC, ESBM, and FSBM, processed soy products have been used to replace conventional SBM with benefits of avoiding deleterious effects of antinutritional compounds in SBM. Studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of the effects of replacing SBM with processed soy products on growth performance of young animals (Figure 4) [31,98,104,116,[127][128][129][130][131][132][133][134][135]. The growth performance of young animals was improved as conventional SBM was replaced by SPC [129,130], which could be a result from the reduced allergenic protein content [26].…”

Section: Application Of Processed Soy Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, high inclusion of SPC in the nursery diet may negatively affect the feed intake due to palatability issues, thus impairing growth performance [129]. 1) soy protein concentrate (SPC) replacing 100% soybean meal (SBM) in nursery diets [129], (2) SPC replacing 100% SBM in nursery diets [130], (3) SPC replacing 100% SBM in nursery diets [131], (4) SPC replacing 100% SBM in nursery diets [132], (5) enzymetreated SBM (ESBM) replacing 97% SBM in nursery diets [104], (6) ESBM replacing 50% SBM in phase 1 of nursery diets [98], (7) ESBM replacing 33% SBM in phase 1 of nursery diets [133], (8) 1) soy protein concentrate (SPC) replacing 100% soybean meal (SBM) in nursery diets [129], (2) SPC replacing 100% SBM in nursery diets [130], (3) SPC replacing 100% SBM in nursery diets [131], (4) SPC replacing 100% SBM in nursery diets [132], (5) enzymetreated SBM (ESBM) replacing 97% SBM in nursery diets [104], (6) ESBM replacing 50% SBM in phase 1 of nursery diets [98], (7) ESBM replacing 33% SBM in phase 1 of nursery diets [133], (8) ESBM replacing 100% full fat SBM in nursery diets [134], (9) fermented SBM (FSBM) replacing 50% SBM in nursery diets [135], (10) FSBM replacing 28% SBM in phase 1 of nursery diets [31], (11) FSBM replacing 25% SBM in nursery diets [127], (12) FSBM replacing 39% SBM in nursery diets [116], (13) FSBM replacing 45% SBM in nursery diets [128], and ( 14) FSBM replacing 50% in phase 1 of nursery diets [98].…”

Section: Application Of Processed Soy Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities and Challenges of Soy Proteins with Different Processing Applications

Deng,

Kim

2024

Antioxidants

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Soybean meal (SBM) is a prevailing plant protein supplement in animal diets because of its nutritional value and availability. This review paper explores the significance of SBM and processed soy products, emphasizing their nutritional and bioactive components, such as isoflavones and soyasaponins. These compounds are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and are associated with a reduced prevalence of chronic diseases. However, the presence of antinutritional compounds in SBM presents a significant challenge. The paper evaluates various processing methods, including ethanol/acid wash, enzyme treatment, and fermentation, which are aimed at enhancing the nutritional value of soy products. It highlights the significance to maintain a balance between nutritional enhancement and the preservation of beneficial bioactive compounds, emphasizing the importance of different processing techniques to fully exploit the health benefits of soy-based products. Therefore, this review illuminates the complex balance between nutritional improvement, bioactive compound preservation, and the overall health implications of soy products.

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Enzyme-Treated Soybean Meal Enhanced Performance via Improving Immune Response, Intestinal Morphology and Barrier Function of Nursery Pigs in Antibiotic Free Diets

Cited by 9 publications

References 45 publications

Effects of crude protein and non-essential amino acids on growth performance, blood profile, and intestinal health of weaned piglets

Effects of crude protein and non-essential amino acids on growth performance, blood profile, and intestinal health of weaned piglets

Fibronectin measurement as a potential molecular marker for barrier function assessment of piglet intestine

Opportunities and Challenges of Soy Proteins with Different Processing Applications

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