Enzymes of glutathione synthesis in patients with myeloproliferative disorders

Blume, K. G.; Paniker, N. V.; Beutler, Ernest

doi:10.1016/0009-8981(73)90439-7

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Reduced glutathione levels were also increased in cancer tissues, consistent with previous research demonstrating that tripeptide levels were significantly elevated in tumor specimens [16–18] and in the blood cells of cancer patients [33,34]. Increased GSH concentration is a common characteristic of tumor cells; this may be related to the increase in GSH synthetase levels found in some tumor cell lines [35] and is responsible for the reduced sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy [36]. Increased GSH levels may reflect an adaptation against H 2 O 2 and other peroxides formed in tumor cells.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Human Gastric Carcinoma: 8-Oxo-7'8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) as a Possible Tumor Marker

Borrego

Vázquez

Dası́

et al. 2013

IJMS

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We characterized the oxidative stress (OS) status by the levels of reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG), malondialdehyde (MDA) and the mutagenic base 8-oxo-7′8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) in human gastric carcinoma (HGC) samples and compared the results with normal tissue from the same patients. We also analyzed 8-oxo-dG in peripheral mononuclear cells (PMNC) and urine from healthy control subjects and in affected patients in the basal state and one, three, six, nine and twelve months after tumor resection. The levels of DNA repair enzyme mRNA expression (hOGG1, RAD51, MUYTH and MTH1) were determined in tumor specimens and compared with normal mucosa. Tumor specimens exhibited increased levels of MDA and 8-oxo-dG compared with normal gastric tissue. GSH levels were also increased, while GSSG levels remained stable. DNA repair enzyme mRNA expression was induced in the tumor tissues. Levels of 8-oxo-dG were significantly elevated in both urine and PMNC of gastric cancer patients compared with healthy controls. After gastrectomy, the levels of the damaged base in urine and PMNC decreased progressively to values close to those found in the healthy population. The high levels of 8-oxo-dG in urine may be related to the increased induction of DNA repair activity in tumor tissue, and the changes observed after tumor resection support its potential use as a tumor marker.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Human Gastric Carcinoma: 8-Oxo-7'8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) as a Possible Tumor Marker

Borrego

Vázquez

Dası́

et al. 2013

IJMS

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“…The difference between the two means is statistically signifi- [7], was less than 3% of total GSH concentration in all samples. Despite the publication of a number of articles on the interactions between GSH and the efficacy of antineoplastic interventions [3,4], and the evidence of a deranged homeostasis of GSH in some solid tumors [2], hematologic neoplasms have not been thoroughly investigated in this respect, apart from an early report on elevation of GSH content and glutathione synthetase activity in the red cells of some patients with myeloproliferative disorders [8].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased glutathione in chronic lymphocytic leukemia lymphocytes

et al. 1994

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Following reports on a variety of interactions between glutathione (GSH) concentration and clinical parameters in solid tumors, a study was undertaken in order to determine the GSH intracellular content of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) lymphocytes. The results from a group of 16 patients consecutively studied indicate tht B-CLL cells have twice as much GSH as lymphocytes from normal subjects, suggesting that this measurement may be helpful in the understanding of the metabolic mechanism of the disease and the rationale of therapy.

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“…In some pathological conditions in which an abnormally high erythrocyte GSH level is a characteristic finding, the relative activities of the two enzymes show different patterns. Thus in iron deficiency anaemia both activities are higher than normal (Ramachandran & Iyer, 1980); in some myeloproliferative disorders only the GS activity is increased while the GCS activity is normal (Blume et al, 1973). It is obvious that the subject needs further investigation, In particular, the activities of these enzymes, estimated under conditions prevailing in the red-cell cytosol, may provide useful information on their role in maintaining the GSH concentration in health and disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal glutathione content and some related enzyme activities in the fetal erythrocytes

Lestas

Rodeck

1984

Br J Haematol

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Pure fetal blood was obtained by direct-vision fetoscopy from 66 fetuses at 17-24 weeks gestation. The concentration of GSH and the activities of the enzymes gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GCS), glutathione synthetase (GS), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were analysed by established techniques to find the normal ranges for this gestational age. The ranges were relatively narrow and could serve as reference values for the prenatal diagnosis of defects in the GSH metabolism of erythrocytes. The results were compared with those obtained from 38 normal adults and with published values on neonatal blood. In the case of GR a comparison was also made with maternal blood. In comparison with adults, fetal erythrocytes showed higher GSH concentration and GCS activity and lower GS and GPx activities. This pattern resembled that found in neonatal erythrocytes except for the GCS activity, which was higher in the fetal cells. Furthermore the differences between fetal and adult erythrocytes were more pronounced than those between neonatal and adult cells. The GR activity of fetal erythrocytes was also higher than that of either normal adult or maternal blood. This difference, however, was reduced to an insignificant level when the enzyme was activated in vitro by flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) because of a relatively low per cent activation of the GR in the fetal erythrocytes.

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Enzymes of glutathione synthesis in patients with myeloproliferative disorders

Cited by 26 publications

References 10 publications

Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Human Gastric Carcinoma: 8-Oxo-7'8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) as a Possible Tumor Marker

Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Human Gastric Carcinoma: 8-Oxo-7'8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) as a Possible Tumor Marker

Increased glutathione in chronic lymphocytic leukemia lymphocytes

Normal glutathione content and some related enzyme activities in the fetal erythrocytes

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