Eosinophilic Granuloma of Skull with Fluid Level and Epidural Hematoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Sadashiva, Nishanth; Baruah, Satyakam; Rao, Shilpa; Mahadevan, Anita; Rao, Kannepalli Narasinga; Vazhayil, Vikas; Somanna, Sampath

doi:10.1159/000448047

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…60 Other studies reported the same condition secondarily to metastatic processes 66 68 or SCA. 11 12 48 Saha et al 49 observed 100% mortality in patients with spontaneous EDH who suffered from DIC, which is similar to that observed in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The association between EG and HE is rare, and the patho-genesis is explained in several ways: stretching of the dura mater during granuloma growth, bleeding of dural neovascularization, erosion of dural surface vessels, and intradiploic erosion. 12 We observed in the present study that the highest occurrence of EG was in the parietal region, followed by the occipital region. In all cases, CT was performed for diagnosis.…”

Section: Eosinophilic Granulomasupporting

confidence: 55%

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Nontraumatic Intracranial Epidural Hematoma: Systematic Review of the Literature

Junior

Medeiros

Pereira³

2022

Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia: Brazilian Neurosurgery

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Introduction Epidural hematoma (EDH) is generally a direct sequela of head injury. Spontaneous EDH is rarely described in the literature. Spontaneous EDH can be caused by infections of adjacent regions, vascular malformations of the dura mater, metastases to the bone skull, and disorders of blood coagulation. The preferred treatment is surgical. The prognosis is directly related to the size, location, and Glasgow Coma Scale score on admission and the underlying disease. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We performed the search in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases. Abstracts and articles were screened according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results The literature review yielded 1,156 records from the databases, of which a total of 164 full-text articles were included in the final synthesis, plus 22 additional relevant studies. A total of 89 case report studies were included, providing 95 unique patients. There was a predominance of coagulopathies as the main etiology of spontaneous EDH. A total of 45.3% of the patients presented lesions in > 1 brain lobe. The frontal lobe was the most prevalent location of EDH. The most used neuroimaging exam was computed tomography (CT). Surgical intervention was the most common treatment performed. A total of 24.2% of the patients died. Conclusion Nontraumatic EDH represents an uncommon manifestation of several pathologies. Clinical investigation should be aware of such a possibility. Healthcare professionals should value the physical examination and clinical history of the patient. Given the scarcity of information on the pathogenesis of spontaneous EDH, further studies are needed to better define intervention strategies and therapies for these patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Eosinophilic Granulomasupporting

confidence: 55%

Nontraumatic Intracranial Epidural Hematoma: Systematic Review of the Literature

Junior

Medeiros

Pereira³

2022

Arquivos Brasileiros de Neurocirurgia: Brazilian Neurosurgery

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“…Including the current report, a total of 12 cases of eosinophilic granuloma with EDH are reported in the literature (Table 1) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] . Eleven were males (92%), with an age range from 2 to 15 years (mean age 6.9 years, median 7.5 years).…”

Section: Literature Review Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Associated trauma cannot alone explain the formation of EDH; history of preceding minor trauma reported in only five out of the twelve cases in our literature review. Intra-tumoral haemorrhage with extension into the epidural space was proposed by Sadashiva et al 11 as a possible underlying mechanism for formation of EDH. Also, it was proposed that NTEDH can result from stripping of dura due to growth, intra-diploic and dural surface vessel erosion, and bleeding from a localized neovascularization of the dura.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

<p>Eosinophilic Granuloma of the Skull Presenting as Non-Traumatic Extradural Haematoma in Children</p>

Al-Mousa¹,

Al-Tarawneh

Alqatawneh

et al. 2020

IJGM

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Cranial extradural haematoma (EDH) is a neurosurgical emergency that can be caused by traumatic or non-traumatic causes with the former being more prevalent. Nontraumatic causes are variable and can include infection, vascular malformation and haematological disorders. This paper will address an extremely rare non-traumatic cause of EDH. More specifically, eosinophilic granuloma (EG), the localized form of Langerhans histiocytosis, may involve the skull and has rarely been reported to present with EDH. The case that will be presented is that of a three-year-old male patient, who presented with progressive vomiting and drowsiness, associated with left parietal swelling. CT scan of the brain showed an extradural haematoma and an osteolytic parietal lesion. He underwent emergent craniectomy, evacuation of the haematoma and dura resection as the lesion was infiltrating the dura. Histopathological examination of the dura and the bone edges showed eosinophilic granuloma (EG). The mechanism of a haemorrhage in this situation is poorly understood and the literature is extremely scarce. In conducting a thorough literature review, only 11 case reports of EG causing non-traumatic EDH were found. The details of these 11 cases will be reviewed and discussed in this paper, in addition to our illustrative case.

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“…Single-system LCH is further subdivided into unifocal and multifocal 4,5 . A single-system unifocal lesion is best treated by surgery, 4,6 whereas multisystem LCH can only be treated by chemotherapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Resorption of Grafted Bone After Split Calvarial Bone Grafting for an Occipital Skull Defect in a Patient With Multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Mizokami

Imanishi

Asato

2021

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease in which LCH cells derived from myeloid dendritic cells proliferate and invade single or multiple systems. We have encountered a case of short-term resorption of the grafted bone after split calvarial bone grafting for an occipital skull defect in a 6-year-old girl with multisystem LCH in remission who was referred to our department for reconstructive surgery. We performed cranioplasty using a split calvarial bone graft. Two months after surgery, computed tomography scans revealed that most of the grafted bone had been resorbed. To our knowledge, there have been no such reports previously. There are 2 possible explanations for the resorption of an autologous bone graft in this patient. The first possibility is that the recipient site contained an active lesion and the second is that the bone resorption occurred because the bone graft was placed on the periosteum.

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Eosinophilic Granuloma of Skull with Fluid Level and Epidural Hematoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Nontraumatic Intracranial Epidural Hematoma: Systematic Review of the Literature

Nontraumatic Intracranial Epidural Hematoma: Systematic Review of the Literature

<p>Eosinophilic Granuloma of the Skull Presenting as Non-Traumatic Extradural Haematoma in Children</p>

Short-Term Resorption of Grafted Bone After Split Calvarial Bone Grafting for an Occipital Skull Defect in a Patient With Multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

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