EPA-enriched ethanolamine plasmalogen alleviates atherosclerosis via mediating bile acids metabolism

Ding, Lin; Zhang, Lingyu; Shi, Hao‐Hao; Xue, Changhu; Yanagita, Teruyoshi; Zhang, Tiantian; Wang, Yuming

doi:10.1016/j.jff.2020.103824

Cited by 35 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…A mixture of C16 and C18 saturated and unsaturated fatty acids are known as dominant fatty acids of microalgae lipids, whereas longer carbon-chain PUFA such as eicosapentaenoic acid EPA and docosahexaenoic acid DHA are also found as major fatty acids 12,24,25 . Based on epidemiological studies, randomized controlled trials, and laboratory studies, EPA and DHA have been known to show several kinds of important biological roles, such as promotion the development of the neural system 26 and prevention of cardiovascular disease 27 . Hence, a large number of global and national health agencies and associations, and government bodies recommended the intake of EPA and DHA for a healthy human diet 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Lipids Content, Lipid Class and Fatty Acid Composition of Ten Species of Microalgae

Yang

Hosokawa

et al. 2020

J. Oleo Sci.

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valuable bioresources 6, 7. Microalgae produce a wide range of valuable compounds such as polysaccharides, lipids, proteins, enzymes, vitamins and pigments 8, 9. During the process of photosynthesis, microalgae can store nonpolar lipids like triacylglycerol TAG in the cells 3. Especially, oleaginous microalgae sometimes produce intracellular oils above 20 of their dry weight that can be converted into biodiesel 9. Some of them have the ability to accumulate Abstract: Microalgae is a potential producer of functional lipids such as n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and fucoxanthin. In the present study, lipids from ten microalgae species were analyzed especially focusing on the fucoxanthin, lipid and fatty acid compositions. The study revealed a remarkable variation in total lipids content, fucoxanthin content, lipid class composition and n-3 PUFA content in individual species, although they belong to the same genus. Among microalgae examined, Pavlova lutheri contained the highest total lipids content (313.59 mg g-1 dry weight) and considerable amount of fucoxanthin (3.13 mg g-1 dry weight). It also had the highest level (28.01%) of total n-3 PUFA with high level of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (17.76%) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (7.61%). The highest fucoxanthin content (5.19 mg g-1 dry weight) was observed in Chaetoceros gracilis. C. gracilis also contained relatively high level of total lipids (228.87 mg g-1 dry weight) and 10.67% EPA. The results also demonstrated that Nannochloropsis oculata contained the greatest amount of EPA (26.21%), while Isochrysis galbana had the highest level of DHA (8.76%). And both microalgae contained 1.71 and 4.44 mg g-1 dry weight fucoxanthin, respectively. Microalgal lipids containing abundant fucoxanthin and n-3 PUFA such as EPA and DHA in the present study will be used as nutraceutical lipids with great commercial potential.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Lipids Content, Lipid Class and Fatty Acid Composition of Ten Species of Microalgae

Yang

Hosokawa

et al. 2020

J. Oleo Sci.

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“…Our previous study indicated that the dietary GPL containing PUFA which mainly consisted of PC and PE increased the liver Cyp7a1 expression level and decreased the liver cholesterol content, compared to dietary TAG containing PUFA, in rats (Hosomi et al, 2012). Additionally, Ding et al (2020) suggested that the intake of EPA-enriched Pls dramatically decreased liver cholesterol content through the increased liver Cyp7a1 expression level. Therefore, in this study, the tendency of increasing the liver Cyp7a1 expression levels in the SCO-M and SCO-U groups may depend on dietary GPL, such as PC, PE, and Pls, contained in SCO-M and SCO-U.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Additionally, Ding et al. (2020) suggested that the intake of EPA‐enriched Pls dramatically decreased liver cholesterol content through the increased liver Cyp7a1 expression level. Therefore, in this study, the tendency of increasing the liver Cyp7a1 expression levels in the SCO‐M and SCO‐U groups may depend on dietary GPL, such as PC, PE, and Pls, contained in SCO‐M and SCO‐U.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary oils prepared from the internal organs of the Japanese giant scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) on cholesterol metabolism in obese type‐II diabetic KK‐A^y mice

Sugimoto

Hosomi

Yoshida

et al. 2020

Food Science & Nutrition

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide (World Health Organization, 2017). CVD are mostly caused by atherosclerosis which is formed in the fibrofatty lesions in the artery wall (Libby et al., 2019). The development of fibrofatty lesions requires high cholesterol and triacylglycerol (TAG) contents in the blood (Generoso et al., 2019; Libby et al., 2019). An improvement in dyslipidemia, including high TAG and cholesterol contents in blood, through medicine and food could

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“…It was summarized by Scorletti and Byrne (2013), that n‐3 fatty acids regulate intra‐adipocyte lipolysis, thus affecting lipid storage, bring down the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines which characterize most diseased states and increase the BA synthesis rate. Interestingly, a very recent study that compared the bioavailability and bioactivity of EPA + DHA and the ethanolamine plasmalogen form of EPA + DHA, also confirmed that n‐3 fatty acids in any form strongly modulate Fxr thereby influencing BA metabolism (Ding et al, 2020). Their results clearly indicated that EPA + DHA‐enriched plasmalogens lowered the hepatic cholesterol pool size characterized by a heightened BA synthesis and fecal excretion rate, achieved through the suppression of Fxr activation.…”

Section: Influence Of N‐3 Fatty Acids On Ba Signaling Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 89%

Role of n‐3 Fatty Acids on Bile Acid Metabolism and Transport in Dyslipidemia: A Review

Acharya

Uppin

Zarei

et al. 2020

Lipids

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Dietary n‐3 fatty acids, especially of marine origin, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n‐3) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n‐3), have always been lauded for their profound effects on regulating the risk factors for major metabolic disorders. Yet, their consumption rate is poor compared to n‐6 fatty acids [linoleic acid (18:2n‐6)], which are predominantly consumed. Hence, the skewed n‐6 to n‐3 fatty acid ratio may have a bearing on the risk factors of various diseases, including dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia and other lifestyle diseases associated with it, such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, are a growing concern in both developed and developing countries. A common strategy for addressing dyslipidemia involves bile acid (BA) sequestration, to interrupt the enterohepatic circulation of BA, resulting in the modulation of lipid absorption in the intestine, thereby normalizing the levels of circulating lipids. The BA homeostasis is under the tight control of hepatic and enteric BA transporters. Many investigations have reported the effects of dietary constituents, including certain fatty acids on the reabsorption and transport of BA. However, a critical review of the effects of n‐3 fatty acids on BA metabolism and transport is not available. The present review attempts to explore certain unmapped facets of the n‐3 fatty acids on BA metabolism and transport in dyslipidemia, and their interplay with biological processes involving lipid rafts and gut microbiome.

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EPA-enriched ethanolamine plasmalogen alleviates atherosclerosis via mediating bile acids metabolism

Cited by 35 publications

References 33 publications

Total Lipids Content, Lipid Class and Fatty Acid Composition of Ten Species of Microalgae

Total Lipids Content, Lipid Class and Fatty Acid Composition of Ten Species of Microalgae

Effects of dietary oils prepared from the internal organs of the Japanese giant scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) on cholesterol metabolism in obese type‐II diabetic KK‐A^y mice

Role of n‐3 Fatty Acids on Bile Acid Metabolism and Transport in Dyslipidemia: A Review

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EPA-enriched ethanolamine plasmalogen alleviates atherosclerosis via mediating bile acids metabolism

Cited by 35 publications

References 33 publications

Total Lipids Content, Lipid Class and Fatty Acid Composition of Ten Species of Microalgae

Total Lipids Content, Lipid Class and Fatty Acid Composition of Ten Species of Microalgae

Effects of dietary oils prepared from the internal organs of the Japanese giant scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) on cholesterol metabolism in obese type‐II diabetic KK‐Ay mice

Role of n‐3 Fatty Acids on Bile Acid Metabolism and Transport in Dyslipidemia: A Review

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Effects of dietary oils prepared from the internal organs of the Japanese giant scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) on cholesterol metabolism in obese type‐II diabetic KK‐A^y mice