EPDC: An Enhanced Pipelined Data Collection MAC for Duty-Cycled Linear Sensor Networks

RDCPF: A Redundancy-Based Duty-Cycling Pipelined-Forwarding MAC for Linear Sensor Networks

“…The distance between adjacent nodes was 200 m. The length of the data packet was set to 8800 bits. Note that in the proposed RDCPF protocol, when RD = 0, it is degraded to a DCPF designed based on the work in [9]. Unless otherwise stated, the length of the first-in-first-out queue was set to K = 3 packets.…”

“…In [20], P-MAC was proposed so as to solve the sleep latency problem. This work was further extended in [9,21,22]. By dividing the whole network into grades around the sink node and adding an effective node identification mechanism, the packet delivery latency and protocol overhead are reduced while the network scalability increases.…”

“…However, such MAC protocols also bring about a gross problem called the sleep latency issue, which occurs when transceivers fail to forward data during the periodical sleeping period. It will aggravate if multi-hop transmission is applied due to the accumulativeness of latency hop by hop [9]. To overcome the issue, staggering sleep-wake schedules of nodes along the forwarding track has been an effective improvement to duty-cycling MAC protocol by letting every next-hop node along the data transmission path immediately forward a datum once it is received [1,3,9].…”

“…It will aggravate if multi-hop transmission is applied due to the accumulativeness of latency hop by hop [9]. To overcome the issue, staggering sleep-wake schedules of nodes along the forwarding track has been an effective improvement to duty-cycling MAC protocol by letting every next-hop node along the data transmission path immediately forward a datum once it is received [1,3,9]. This feature of packet delivery strategy is named pipelined forwarding, which can significantly reduce the data transmission latency via cutting off unnecessary data packet queuing time.…”

Distance-Based Queuing for Scalable and Reliable Linear Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Cities

“…Previous works from multiple research groups, including ours, have proposed energyefficient MAC protocols that take advantage of the fact that in LWSN data packets flow hop by hop from the node where the sensory data are generated towards the sink node located at one end of the network [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Despite the relevance of these works, they only focus on improving the overall network performance at the expense of the high packet loss probability (PLP) experienced by the data packets that have to travel through multiple relay nodes before reaching the sink.…”