Epicardial adipose tissue thickness and acute coronary syndrome: A matter of how much or how?

Aprigliano, Gianfranco; Scuteri, L.; Iafelice, Ida; Volsi, Laura Li; Cuko, Besart; Palloshi, Altin; Pisani, Matteo; Bonizzato, Sara; Bianchi, Michele Leonardo; Morici, Nuccia

doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.06.168

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Several studies have documented the association of EAT with coronary artery disease manifestation. [ 5 18 19 20 ] Higher measures of EAT can already be detected in obese children and adolescents,[ 21 22 ] newest data even demonstrated the development of EAT in embryos. [23] EAT is associated with cardiovascular risk factors and was found to be associated with the TIMI risk score and Syntax II score but not GRACE score in the setting of acute coronary syndrome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epicardial adipose tissue is a robust measure of increased risk of myocardial infarction – a meta-analysis on over 6600 patients and rationale for the EPIC-ACS study

Hendricks¹,

Dykun²,

Balcer³

et al. 2021

Medicine

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Background: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) surrounds the heart and the coronary vessels. EAT produces pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Several studies have already documented the association of EAT and cardiovascular risk factors as well as coronary artery disease manifestations. Currently computed tomography (CT) is considered the gold standard for measurement of 3-dimensional volume of EAT. In addition, echocardiography might be an easy accessible alternative in particular in an emergency setting. Methods: We performed a metaanalysis of existing studies describing the differences of EAT in patients with and without myocardial infarction. We used established databases and were searching for “epicardial adipose tissue” or “pericardial adipose tissue” and “myocardial infarction”, “coronary events”, or “acute coronary syndrome”. We included over 6600 patients from 7 studies. Random effect models were calculated and all analyses were performed by using the Review Manager 5.3. Results: Patients with myocardial infarction had 37% (confidence interval [0.21-0.54], P value <.001)] higher measures of EAT compared to patients without myocardial infarction. Comparing studies using echocardiography vs CT for assessment of EAT thickness, similar relative differences in EAT with wide overlap of confidence intervals were observed (for echocardiography: 0.4 [0.04-0.76], for CT: 0.36 [0.16-0.57], P value <.001 for both). Conclusions: Patients with myocardial infarction have more EAT as compared to patients without myocardial infarction independently of the used imaging modality. Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate, how quantification of EAT in clinical routine can improve patients management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have documented the association of EAT with coronary artery disease manifestation [5,18–20] . Higher measures of EAT can already be detected in obese children and adolescents, [21,22] newest data even demonstrated the development of EAT in embryos [23] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicardial adipose tissue is a robust measure of increased risk of myocardial infarction – a meta-analysis on over 6600 patients and rationale for the EPIC-ACS study

Hendricks¹,

Dykun²,

Balcer³

et al. 2021

Medicine

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“…EAT is considered a metabolically active organ with endocrine activity. It can secrete a large amount of inflammatory adipocytokines, of which, adiponectin is a well-known cardiovascular protective factor [3,4]. The C1q complement/ tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-associated proteins (CTRPs) superfamily is a paralog of adiponectin, composed of CTRP1-CTRP15, which share a common structural domain with adiponectin [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Relationship Between CTRP Family and Coronary Artery Disease

Fan

Sun

2020

Curr Atheroscler Rep

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Purpose of Review In recent years, a family of adiponectin paralogs designated as C1q/TNF-related protein (CTRP) has attracted increasing attention. They are inflammatory adipocytokines mostly secreted from epicardial adipose tissue, which modulate the development and prognosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). This review summarizes the pathophysiological roles of individual members of the CTRP superfamily in the development of CAD. Recent Findings Recent studies have revealed how members of the CTRP family, CTRP1, CTRP3, CTRP5, CTRP9, CTRP12, and CTRP13, can influence both development and progression of CAD by modulating metabolic pathways, influencing immuno-inflammatory response, and regulating cardiovascular functions. Summary Research to date has not been sufficient to answer the specific mechanism of the CTRP family in the occurrence and development of CAD. This review explores the evidence of CTRP superfamily regulating different pathophysiology stages of CAD through the immuno-inflammation, glucose and lipid metabolism, and vascular endothelial function.

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“…While numerous studies have demonstrated a link between EAT volume and the development of cardiovascular events, it is unclear whether the role of EAT accumulation in cardiovascular disease is independent of other visceral adipose tissue deposits [ 11 , 20 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. In a study comparing visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and EAT, diabetics had significantly larger adipocyte size in EAT than nondiabetics, and both VAT and EAT had predominantly inflammatory features in the diabetic group [ 26 ].…”

Section: The Relationship Between Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Cardi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study comparing visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and EAT, diabetics had significantly larger adipocyte size in EAT than nondiabetics, and both VAT and EAT had predominantly inflammatory features in the diabetic group [ 26 ]. A meta-analysis of nine studies involving over 3500 patients revealed a link between increased EAT volume and CAD [ 11 ], as well as a link between increased EAT volume and high-risk coronary plaque formation [ 25 ]. EAT was discovered to be an independent risk factor for CVD in a meta-analysis of over 40,000 patients, and EAT volume was also linked to coronary artery calcification and myocardial ischemia [ 27 ].…”

Section: The Relationship Between Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Cardi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease and Hemodialysis Patients

Türkmen

Ozer

Kusztal

2022

JCM

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Cardiovascular diseases remain the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), visceral fat depot of the heart, was found to be associated with coronary artery disease in cardiac and non-cardiac patients. Additionally, EAT has been proposed as a novel cardiovascular risk in the general population and in end-stage renal disease patients. It has also been shown that EAT, more than other subcutaneous adipose tissue deposits, acts as a highly active organ producing several bioactive adipokines, and proinflammatory and proatherogenic cytokines. Therefore, increased visceral adiposity is associated with proinflammatory activity, impaired insulin sensitivity, increased risk of atherosclerosis, and high morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. In the present review, we aimed to demonstrate the role of EAT in the pathophysiological mechanisms of increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients.

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Epicardial adipose tissue thickness and acute coronary syndrome: A matter of how much or how?

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Epicardial adipose tissue is a robust measure of increased risk of myocardial infarction – a meta-analysis on over 6600 patients and rationale for the EPIC-ACS study

Epicardial adipose tissue is a robust measure of increased risk of myocardial infarction – a meta-analysis on over 6600 patients and rationale for the EPIC-ACS study

A Review of the Relationship Between CTRP Family and Coronary Artery Disease

The Relationship of Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease and Hemodialysis Patients

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