Epicatechin downregulates adipose tissue CCL19 expression and thereby ameliorates diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance

Sano, Tomomi; Nagayasu, Shintaro; Suzuki, Shigeki; Iwashita, Misaki; Yamashita, Akiko; Shinjo, Takanori; Sanui, Terukazu; Kushiyama, Akifumi; Kanematsu, Takashi; Asano, Tomohiko; Nishimura, Fusanori

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2016.11.008

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…A large body of evidence in both humans and in rodent models of obesity and T2D supports the beneficial effects of flavonoids, especially of EC and EC-rich foods in the improvement of insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis [67]. It has been shown that supplementation with pure EC: i) decreased blood glucose and insulin levels; ii) improved insulin sensitivity in liver and adipose tissues; iii) decreased Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) values; and iv) improved glucose metabolism in both rats [63,68] and mice [22,62,69,70] fed high fat and high fructose diets. Two similar studies from Gutierrez-Salmean et al [68] and Ramirez-Sanchez et al [70] showed that administration of 1 mg EC/kg BW by gavage for two weeks decreased high fat diet-mediated increases in body weight and glycaemia in rats [68] and mice [70].…”

Section: Ec and Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 83%

“…Two similar studies from Gutierrez-Salmean et al [68] and Ramirez-Sanchez et al [70] showed that administration of 1 mg EC/kg BW by gavage for two weeks decreased high fat diet-mediated increases in body weight and glycaemia in rats [68] and mice [70]. In addition, EC (2-20 mg/kg BW) also decreased body weight gain and improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and lipid profiles in both high fat-fed C57BL/6J mice and high fructose-fed rats [22,62,63,69].…”

Section: Ec and Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 97%

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(−)-Epicatechin and the comorbidities of obesity

Cremonini

Iglesias

Kang

et al. 2020

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics

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Obesity has major adverse consequences on human health contributing to the development of, among others, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, altered behavior and cognition, and cancer. Changes in dietary habits and lifestyle could contribute to mitigate the development and/or progression of these pathologies. This review will discuss current evidence on the beneficial actions of the flavan-3-ol (−)-epicatechin (EC) on obesity-associated comorbidities. These benefits can be in part explained through EC's capacity to mitigate several common events underlying the development of these pathologies, including: i) high circulating levels of glucose, lipids and endotoxins; ii) chronic systemic inflammation; iii) tissue endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stress; iv) insulin resistance; v) mitochondria dysfunction and vi) dysbiosis. The currently known underlying mechanisms and cellular targets of EC's beneficial effects are discussed. While, there is limited evidence from human studies supplementing with pure EC, other studies involving cocoa supplementation in humans, pure EC in rodents and in vitro studies, support a potential beneficial action of EC on obesity-associated comorbidities. This evidence also stresses the need of further research in the field, which would contribute to the development of human dietary strategies to mitigate the adverse consequences of obesity. Alarmingly, the prevalence of obesity was almost three times higher in 2016 compared to 1975. Numerous comorbidities and an increased risk of mortality are associated to obesity [3-5]. Among those comorbidities, obesity can increase the risk to develop: i) insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D); ii) hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD); iii) dyslipidemia; iv) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); v) altered behavior and cognition; vi) cancer, and vii) alterations in the gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, renal, respiratory and immune systems.

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Section: Ec and Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Ec and Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 97%

(−)-Epicatechin and the comorbidities of obesity

Cremonini

Iglesias

Kang

et al. 2020

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics

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“…24,26,48 This could be explained by the ability of Epi to restore protein levels of those molecules known to play critical roles in regulating adipose and skeletal muscle metabolism 24 through the amelioration of adipose tissue inflammation. 25,28 Similarly, Epi could improve insulin sensitivity, in part through downregulation of the inhibitory molecules c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), IkB kinase (IKK), protein kinase C (PKC), and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). 26 In our results, we found that in the male offspring from maternal rats with HFD-induced obesity and treated with Epi (MO þ Epi), serum triglycerides, leptin, and insulin, as well as the HOMA-IR were significantly reduced when compared with the male offspring from maternal rats with HFD-induced obesity not treated with Epi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These findings agree with previous reports, although in our study, cholesterol and glucose remained unchanged. [22][23][24][25][26]48 Adverse effects in the metabolic function of the offspring from obese maternal rats could be influenced by epigenetic changes that modify the expression of various genes. [11][12][13][14] In the future, we should consider analyzing histone modifications as a possible explanation of our results, because it has been shown that Epi is capable of inducing posttranslational changes of histone acetyltransferase (HAT) p300, as well as of histone deacetylase-4 (HDAC4) in human monocyte cell line-1 (THP-1) under different concentrations of glucose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 Epi also has beneficial effects by preventing adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance. [25][26][27][28] At present, to our knowledge, no study has explored whether Epi has this same impact in the male offspring from maternal obesity rats induced by HFD. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to determine whether Epi can reduce the amount of visceral adipose tissue and improve the metabolic profile in the male offspring of a maternal obesity model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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(-)-Epicatechin reduces adiposity in male offspring of obese rats

Santos

Reyes-Castro

Coral-Vázquez

et al. 2019

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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Objective:To determine whether (-)-epicatechin (Epi) could decrease visceral adipose tissue and improve the metabolic profile of male offspring rats, after maternal obesity was induced by a high-fat diet (HFD).Design:Maternal obesity in albino Wistar rats was induced with a HFD, whereas male offspring were fed with chow diet throughout the study. Eight male offspring per group, from different litters, were randomly assigned to the experimental or to the control groups. In the experimental group, Epi was administered at a dose of 1 mg/kg of body weight to the male offspring twice daily for two weeks, beginning at postnatal day (PND).Main measures:Weight of visceral adipose tissue, adipocyte size, and several metabolic parameters.Results:Epi administration in the male offspring induced a significant decrease in the amount of visceral fat (11.61 g less, P < 0.05) and in the size of adipose cells (28% smaller, P < 0.01). Besides, Epi was able to decrease insulin, leptin, and Homeostasis Model Assessment -Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (P < 0.05), as well as triglycerides, when the experimental group was compared to the untreated male offspring of obese rats (P < 0.01).Conclusions:Epi administration can reverse the negative effects that maternal obesity has on the male offspring. This could be because Epi reduces the amount of visceral fat and improves metabolic profile.

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Untargeted metabolomics analysis of probiotic jujube juice and its anti‐obesity effects on high‐fat‐diet‐induced obese mice

Pu,

Wang,

Hui

et al. 2024

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUDDietary intervention, including polyphenol consumption, are recognized as effective strategies to prevent obesity. Although fermented jujube juice (FJJ) with lactic acid bacteria has been shown to be rich in polyphenols and have strong antioxidant properties, little is known about its anti‐obesity properties.RESULTSUntargeted metabolomics was employed to identify and analyze the differential metabolites between FJJ and raw jujube juice. A total of 431 metabolites belonging to diverse classes and with various functional active ingredients were quantitatively identified. The animal experiments results showed that FJJ administration for 13 weeks significantly inhibited HFD‐induced body and epididymal adipose weight gain, and improved the serum lipid parameters in obese mice. Additionally, DNA‐sequencing results revealed that FJJ treatment increased the Akkermansia abundance in the gut and changed the composition of fecal microbiota by decreasing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio and Helicobacter pylori abundance.CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest that FJJ contributes to regulating lipid accumulation and gut microbiota composition in HFD‐induced obese mice, which helps to prevent obesity. Hence, FJJ has the potential to be a beneficial beverage for controlling obesity.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Epicatechin downregulates adipose tissue CCL19 expression and thereby ameliorates diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

(−)-Epicatechin and the comorbidities of obesity

(−)-Epicatechin and the comorbidities of obesity

(-)-Epicatechin reduces adiposity in male offspring of obese rats

Untargeted metabolomics analysis of probiotic jujube juice and its anti‐obesity effects on high‐fat‐diet‐induced obese mice

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