Epicormic bud protection traits vary along a latitudinal gradient in a neotropical savanna

Campos, Bruna Kauely de; Guimarães, Elza; Canaveze, Yve; Machado, Sílvia Rodrigues

doi:10.1007/s00114-021-01722-4

Cited by 9 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…This secretion consists of gummy mucilage or resin, or both together; it is secreted by the general epidermis, by colleters, or by “leaf-teeth ”.” The substances present in bud secretions can protect vegetative and reproductive buds against several environmental stresses ([ 9 , 10 ] and references therein). These substances act complementary to the protection provided by enveloping shoot apical meristems by superimposing cataphylls and undeveloped leaves [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colleters, Extrafloral Nectaries, and Resin Glands Protect Buds and Young Leaves of Ouratea castaneifolia (DC.) Engl. (Ochnaceae)

Paiva

Couy-Melo

Ballego-Campos

2021

Plants

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Buds usually possess mechanical or chemical protection and may also have secretory structures. We discovered an intricate secretory system in Ouratea castaneifolia (Ochnaceae) related to the protection of buds and young leaves. We studied this system, focusing on the distribution, morphology, histochemistry, and ultrastructure of glands during sprouting. Samples of buds and leaves were processed following the usual procedures for light and electron microscopy. Overlapping bud scales protect dormant buds, and each young leaf is covered with a pair of stipules. Stipules and scales possess a resin gland, while the former also possess an extrafloral nectary. Despite their distinct secretions, these glands are similar and comprise secreting palisade epidermis. Young leaves also possess marginal colleters. All the studied glands shared some structural traits, including palisade secretory epidermis and the absence of stomata. Secretory activity is carried out by epidermal cells. Functionally, the activity of these glands is synchronous with the young and vulnerable stage of vegetative organs. This is the first report of colleters and resin glands for O. castaneifolia. We found evidence that these glands are correlated with protection against herbivores and/or abiotic agents during a developmental stage that precedes the establishment of mechanical defenses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The substances present in bud secretions can protect vegetative and reproductive buds against several environmental stresses ( [9,10] and references therein). These substances act complementary to the protection provided by enveloping shoot apical meristems by superimposing cataphylls and undeveloped leaves [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colleters, Extrafloral Nectaries, and Resin Glands Protect Buds and Young Leaves of Ouratea castaneifolia (DC.) Engl. (Ochnaceae)

Paiva

Couy-Melo

Ballego-Campos

2021

Plants

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“…Este tipo de proteção já foi bem caracterizado para espécies de Myrtaceae australianas (Burrows et al, 2008), em Myrtaceae nativas, há relatos em espécies de Eugenia (Silva et al, 2020), e em algumas espécies de Rutaceae (Cruz et al, 2015). Mais recentemente, descritos nas gemas epicórmicas de Melastomastaceae, Solanaceae e Bignoniaceae (De Campos et al, 2021). Estudos que englobem uma grande quantidade de espécies e famílias no Cerrado brasileiro ainda é incipiente na literatura.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Porém, estudos recentes vêm demonstrando a importância fisiológica e ecológica dos cristais na regulação dos níveis citoplasmáticos de cálcio, remobilização para regiões meristemáticas ou eliminação do seu excesso em tecidos não funcionais (Bauer et al, 2011;He et al, 2014;Paiva, 2019). Cristais também foram observados em gemas axilares e epicórmicas de espécies savânicas (De Campos et al, 2021;Silva et al, 2020) e nos sistemas subterrâneos de outras Mrytaceae (Antunes, 2020;Silva et al, 2020). Nas gemas axilares, logo abaixo dos idioblastos cristalíferos, estão presentes braquiesclereídes, bem como no xilopódio onde formam faixas quase contínuas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…As principais características que conferem proteção as gemas aéreas, principalmente ao fogo, é o desenvolvimento no caule aéreo de uma casca espessa, e o rápido crescimento em altura (Burrows and Chisnall, 2016;Charles-Dominique et al, 2015). Porém, na ausência de casca espessa, outras estruturas conferem diferentes graus de proteção, por exemplo, a presença de primórdios foliares, tricomas unicelulares lignificados ou suberizados, contendo compostos fenólicos, coléteres, cristais, estípulas e cutícula espessa, os quais fornecem proteção contra herbivoria, intensidade luminosa, seca e altas temperaturas (BELL, 1999;De Campos et al, 2021;Silva et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Sistema subterrâneo e proteção das gemas aéreas de >i<Psidium grandifolium>/i< Mart. Ex Dc. ocorrentes em área de Cerrado natural e Cerrado em regeneração

Lima¹

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Belowground system and aerial bud protection of Psidium grandifolium Mart. ex Dc. occurring in the natural Cerrado and Cerrado under regenerationCerrado is the highest biodiversity savanna in the world, however, has been suffering a lot of anthropic pressure due to agricultural land use. In the decades 1960 and 1970 occurred the introduction of commercial plantations of Pinus spp. in open areas of Cerrado, causing invasion and suppression of native vegetation. At Estação Ecologica de Santa Barbara (EEsSB) techniques such as clear-cutting Pinus plantation and burning remaining material are being used to recover native vegetation. In one of these areas at EEcSB where these recovering techniques are being used, a lot of native species resprouted, such as Psidium grandifolium, which naturally occurring in other open vegetation areas at this station. The main goal of this study is to compare P.grandifolium plants growing in two different areas in the EEcSB, to test the following hypothesis, that morpho-anatomical and chemical characteristics of P.grandifolium are different in these two areas at EEcSB due to the interference of pine plantation and the plant growth conditions after its removal and burning. To test the hypothesis, it was collected three plants in an area under regeneration and three plants in a natural area. The belowground systems and aerial buds of the six plants were analyzed. In both study areas, the plants showed xylopodium whose upper part consists of a thin cauline axis followed by a tuberous root with fusiform morphology. However, in the natural area, the xylopodia were oriented vertically on the ground, while in the regenerating area, there was a curvature in the cauline axis changing the orientation of the xylopodium from vertical to horizontal. The relationship between the aerial part and the belowground system was proportionally greater in plants of the natural area. The hydraulic conductivity was higher in the regeneration area, demonstrating that the curvature did not affect the water transport in the plants. The belowground bud bank was three times greater in the area under regeneration, as the length of the cauline axis and the number of branches emitted by the xylopodium was higher. In the secondary phloem and xylem, the cells of the parenchyma rays accumulated phenolic compounds and starch grains. Chemical analysis of the root showed a significant difference in the concentrations of total carbohydrates and flavonoids between study areas. The lower concentration of total carbohydrates in the area under regeneration, reflected the costs necessary for the resprouting and recovery of the aerial part. The aerial buds were protected by colleters and leaf primordia, provided with unicellular trichomes, secretory cavities and layers of cells containing phenols. The trichome cover was visually denser in the regenerating area, where the plants are more exposed to sunlight. The main findings of the study confirmed the tested hypothesis. The mechanical impediment caused by the roots of the pine tre...

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Fire does not change sprouting nor flowering, but affects fruiting phenology in a Neotropical savanna community

Valentin-Silva

Alves

Tunes

et al. 2021

Flora

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Epicormic bud protection traits vary along a latitudinal gradient in a neotropical savanna

Cited by 9 publications

References 97 publications

Colleters, Extrafloral Nectaries, and Resin Glands Protect Buds and Young Leaves of Ouratea castaneifolia (DC.) Engl. (Ochnaceae)

Colleters, Extrafloral Nectaries, and Resin Glands Protect Buds and Young Leaves of Ouratea castaneifolia (DC.) Engl. (Ochnaceae)

Sistema subterrâneo e proteção das gemas aéreas de >i<Psidium grandifolium>/i< Mart. Ex Dc. ocorrentes em área de Cerrado natural e Cerrado em regeneração

Fire does not change sprouting nor flowering, but affects fruiting phenology in a Neotropical savanna community

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