Epidemic of cutaneous leishmaniasis: 109 cases in a population of 500

Anwar, Masood; Hussain, Mubbashir; ur-Rehman, Hafiz Muhammad Ata; Khan, Ikramullah; Sheikh, Riaz Ahmad

doi:10.26719/2007.13.5.1212

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…6). Our results nearly coincided with the result of other reports from southern Sri Lanka [15], Pakistan [16], and Turkey [17] where the most affected age groups were 10-19, 10-14, and 9-14 years, respectively. However, a previous survey in Al-Badarna, Libya reported that the most affected age group was 1-10 years [10].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

An Epidemiological Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Al-Jabal Al-Gharbi, Libya

2013

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an endemic parasitic infection in the Mediterranean region, including Libya and its Al-jabal Al-gharbi province. We aimed at studying the occupational relevance as well as other epidemiological aspects of CL. We investigated 140 CL cases who attended at Gharyan outpatient polyclinic during a period of 6 months in 2009. CL infection was clinically diagnosed and confirmed by demonstration of Leishmania parasites on smears from lesions. Our findings showed that males were more affected than females (P=0.04), and people above 10-years were more affected than younger ones (P=0.0001). A significant percent of CL cases belonged to Al-Kawasem subprovince (P=0.0001). Farm-related activities were the most frequent occupations among CL cases (P=0.04). In addition to farm workers, housewives and students are at risk groups since they are engaged at farm activities. Moreover, those who have occupations that require staying outdoors for a part of night, e.g., policemen, are also at risk. Compared to children, adult CL patients had multiple lesions (P=0.001) that were more prevalent in their upper and lower extremities than the face (P=0.0001). We conclude that CL is a major health problem in Al-jabal Al-gharbi province of Libya. The presence of rodents and sandflies makes it a suitable environment for Leishmania to spread in an endemic epidemiological pattern. Being engaged in farming activities or outdoor occupations increases the risk of infection. Various clinical patterns of CL suggest the presence of more than 1 species of Leishmania at Al-jabal Al-gharbi province. We propose that the 2 species responsible for CL in this area are L. major and L. tropica. Further investigations to identify the leishmanial species responsible for CL at Al-jabal Al-gharbi together with adoption of preventive and control programs are needed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

An Epidemiological Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Al-Jabal Al-Gharbi, Libya

2013

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“…Several reports document the dramatic increase of CL in the region, including Iran [5]–[7], Pakistan [8]–[11] and, in particular, Afghanistan [1], [12]–[16]. Whilst some of these reports have indicated that CL is associated with sex [1], age [1],[9], domestic animals [9] and clustering of cases at the household level [1],[9] little is known about other household characteristics associated with this disease in South Asia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis at the Household Level in Kabul, Afghanistan

Reithinger¹,

Mohsen²,

Leslie³

2010

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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BackgroundKabul, Afghanistan, is the largest focus of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in the world. ACL is a protozoan disease transmitted to humans by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies. Although not fatal, ACL can lead to considerable stigmatization of affected populations.MethodsUsing data from a standardized survey of 872 households in 4 wards of Kabul, Afghanistan, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses tested associations between presence of active ACL and ACL scars with 15 household-level variables.FindingsUnivariate analyses showed that active ACL was positively associated with household member's age, ACL prevalence, and brick wall type, but negatively associated with household number of rooms, bednet use, and proportion of windows with screens. Multivariate analysis showed a positive association between active ACL and household member's age, ACL prevalence, and brick wall type, and a negative association with household proportion of windows with screens.ConclusionHousehold-level charateristics were shown to be risk factors for ACL. Monitoring a selected number of household characteristics could assist in rapid assessments of household-level variation in risk of ACL. ACL prevention and control programs should consider improving house construction, including smoothing of walls and screening of windows.

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“…Biopsies and staining with H & E stains is also a useful to see the LD bodies and to detect the parasite with high rate. Culturing of the parasite is very specific & sensitive technique but it is a time consuming and the positivity rate from (52.9 -80%) (11,12). Molecular diagnostic techniques that used nested PCR to amplify target DNA of parasite from host tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological And Molecular Characteristics Of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis In Al-Diwanyiah hospital

Jassim abdlkadhim

2018

Qad Med J

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Aims of study: The current study aimed to epidemiological identification and molecular detection of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Diwanyiah province by using the nested PCR method. Material and methods: The present study include (145) patient came to the dermatology lab. of Al-Diwanyiah hospital with suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis at period from (September 2016 to the April 2017). Epidemiological finding including study of age, sex and periods of infection, than, (50) suspected patient samples out of (145) patients samples undergo to performed Nested PCR technique, the frozen skin lesion samples were exposed to genomic DNA extraction step and Nested PCR was carried out by using specific primer for Kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) for detection and identification cutaneous Leishmania species, such as L. major and L. tropica. Results: Our study shows infection of CL in the male(67) (46.2%) and the female(78) (53.8%) and it found Age (1-12month)(5) (3.5%) ; (1-10year):(42)(28.9%) ; (10-20year):(46%) (31%); (20-30 year): (19)(13.4%) ; (30-40 year):(14%) (9.85%) ; in more than 40 year(19) (13.4%); .Also the highest infection rate of CL were appeared during December 2016 (30.5 %), while the lowest were during April 2017 (2% ).The nested PCR was shown specific identification of cutaneous leishmaniosis. Where, the results shown (38) positive samples out of 50 samples at (78%) as cutaneous leishmaniosis. 28/38 positive at (73.7%) as L.major and 10 /38 positive at (26.3%) as L. tropica. The nested PCR amplification was 560bp product size for L.major and 750bp product size for L. tropica on Agarose gel electrophoresis. Conclusion: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis infected both sex , all age and more prevalence in young patients with high infection rate during December. Both L. major and L. tropica were the causative agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis but L.major was the main species in study area.

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Epidemic of cutaneous leishmaniasis: 109 cases in a population of 500

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

An Epidemiological Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Al-Jabal Al-Gharbi, Libya

An Epidemiological Study of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Al-Jabal Al-Gharbi, Libya

Risk Factors for Anthroponotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis at the Household Level in Kabul, Afghanistan

Epidemiological And Molecular Characteristics Of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis In Al-Diwanyiah hospital

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