Epidemic of Poliomyelitis in Puerto Rico, 1960

Timothee, R. A.; Morris, Leon; Feliberti, Manuel; L, Mainardi

doi:10.2307/4591730

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…Emboldened by these successes, WHO embarked on global eradication, a goal that appears within reach within the next several years. The principal residual sites where wild poliovirus continues to circulate are Pakistan, India, and Nigeria, and it is likely that the absence of seasonality [7,28] in these semi-tropical nations has been one of the impediments to eradication.…”

Section: Poliomyelitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus perpetuation in populations: biological variables that determine persistence or eradication

Nathanson

2005

Infectious Diseases From Nature: Mechanisms of Viral Emergence and Persistence

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In this review, I use the term "perpetuation" for persistence of a virus in a population, since this is a different phenomenon from persistence of a virus in an infected host. Important variables that influence perpetuation differ in small (<1,000 individuals) and large (>10,000) populations: in small populations, two important variables are persistence in individuals, and turnover of the population, while in large populations important variables are transmissibility, generation time, and seasonality. In small populations, viruses such as poliovirus that cause acute infections cannot readily be perpetuated, in contrast to viruses such as hepatitis B virus, that cause persistent infections. However, small animal populations can turnover significantly each year, permitting the perpetuation of some viruses that cause acute infections. Large populations of humans are necessary for the perpetuation of acute viruses; for instance, measles required a population of 500,000 for perpetuation in the pre-measles vaccine era. Furthermore, if an acute virus, such as poliovirus, exhibits marked seasonality in large populations, then it may disappear during the seasonal trough, even in the presence of a large number of susceptible persons. Eradication is the converse of perpetuation and can be used as a definitive approach to the control of a viral disease, as in the instance of smallpox. Therefore, the requirements for perpetuation have significant implications for practical public health goals.

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Section: Poliomyelitismentioning

confidence: 99%