Epidémies de Choléra en Afrique Sub-Saharienne: Revue documentaire de 2010 à 2016

Alkassoum, Ibrahim; Doutchi, Mahamadou; Harouna, Amadou; Souleymane, Brah; Issifou, Djibo; Lamine, Ibrahim M; Lagaré, A; Adehossi, Eric; Joseph, Aka; Mamadou, Saidou

doi:10.19044/esj.2019.v15n24p315

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The spatiotemporal dynamics of cholera hotspots were analyzed at the province and health zone levels by dividing the study period into four five-year sub-periods, i.e., [ 1 ] 2003–2007, [ 2 ] 2008–2012, [ 3 ] 2013–2017 and [ 4 ] 2018–2022. These sub-periods correspond to the period before the first MCEP was implemented (2003–2007) and the first three MCEPs in the DRC (2008–2012, 2013–2017 and 2018–2022).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We set the maximum spatial window to a radius of 125 km after identifying large spatiotemporal clusters containing many statistically significant subclusters in preliminary analyses [ 27 , 28 ]. GTFCC cholera hotspot classification method: Using this method, cholera hotspots were identified based on two indicators: [ 1 ] the average attack rate per 100,000 inhabitants and [ 2 ] the proportion of weeks during which cases were notified over the course of a five-year period. The threshold for the average attack rate and the proportion of weeks with cases reported were set at 50%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GTFCC cholera hotspot classification method: Using this method, cholera hotspots were identified based on two indicators: [ 1 ] the average attack rate per 100,000 inhabitants and [ 2 ] the proportion of weeks during which cases were notified over the course of a five-year period. The threshold for the average attack rate and the proportion of weeks with cases reported were set at 50%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cholera is an infectious diarrheal disease caused by pathogenic strains of Vibrio cholerae , a gram negative bacterium [ 1 ]. Humans can become infected through ingestion of contaminated water or food or direct human-to-human contact [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatiotemporal dynamics of cholera hotspots in the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1973 to 2022

Taty,

Bompangue,

Moore

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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Background Since the early 1970s, cholera outbreaks have been a major public health burden in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Cholera cases have been reported in a quasi-continuous manner in certain lakeside areas in the Great Lakes Region. As these cholera-endemic health zones constitute a starting point for outbreaks and diffusion towards other at-risk areas, they play a major role in cholera dynamics in the country. Monitoring the spatiotemporal dynamics of cholera hotspots and adjusting interventions accordingly thus reduces the disease burden in an efficient and cost-effective manner. Methods A literature review was conducted to describe the spatiotemporal dynamics of cholera in the DRC at the province level from 1973 to 1999. We then identified and classified cholera hotspots at the provincial and health zone levels from 2003 to 2022 and described the spatiotemporal evolution of hotspots. We also applied and compared three different classification methods to ensure that cholera hotspots are identified and classified according to the DRC context. Results According to all three methods, high-priority hotspots were concentrated in the eastern Great Lakes Region. Overall, hotspots largely remained unchanged over the course of the study period, although slight improvements were observed in some eastern hotspots, while other non-endemic areas in the west experienced an increase in cholera outbreaks. The Global Task Force on Cholera Control (GTFCC) and the Department of Ecology and Infectious Disease Control (DEIDC) methods largely yielded similar results for the high-risk hotspots. However, the medium-priority hotspots identified by the GTFCC method were further sub-classified by the DEIDC method, thereby providing a more detailed ranking for priority targeting. Conclusions Overall, the findings of this comprehensive study shed light on the dynamics of cholera hotspots in the DRC from 1973 to 2022. These results may serve as an evidence-based foundation for public health officials and policymakers to improve the implementation of the Multisectoral Cholera Elimination Plan, guiding targeted interventions and resource allocation to mitigate the impact of cholera in vulnerable communities.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatiotemporal dynamics of cholera hotspots in the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1973 to 2022

Taty,

Bompangue,

Moore

et al. 2024

BMC Infect Dis

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“…Initialement partie de l'Asie (1962) par l'Indonésie, puis le Moyen-Orient et a envahi la partie de l'Europe centrale (1965), et s'est ensuite étendue en 1970 au continent Africain, et en 1991 en Amérique Latine. Un lourd fardeau est payé par l'Afrique Sub-Saharien de 2010 à 2016 (Ibrahim et al, 2016). Il existe un fort décalage entre le nombre de cas signalés et les estimations établies, en raison des limitations des systèmes de surveillance et par peur des répercussions négatives que cela aurait sur le tourisme et le commerce (OMS, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Déterminants de la morbidité et de la mortalité due au choléra à Lubumbashi, République démocratique du Congo : étude cas-témoins non appariée

Dimandja

Okenge²,

Lunguya

et al. 2022

ESJ

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Le choléra est endémo-épidémique dans la ville de Lubumbashi, en République Démocratique du Congo. En raison de son importance en termes de morbidité et de mortalité, le choléra constitue un véritable problème de santé publique. L'objectif de notre étude était de décrire le profil clinique, épidémiologique, biologique et thérapeutique des patients cholériques et d'identifier les déterminants de la morbidité et de la mortalité due au choléra dans la ville de Lubumbashi. Il a été retenu 386 cas et 386 témoins dans les unités de traitement et les centres de santé de janvier 2017 à décembre 2020. Les cas positifs répondaient à la définition du ministère de la santé : " toute personne, âgée de 2 ans et plus pendant l'épidémie, présentant au moins trois selles liquides par jour, avec ou sans vomissements ; ou tout décès par diarrhée aiguë ". Nous avons utilisé une enquête structurée. L'Odds Ratio quantifie la force de l'association. Régression logistique avec STATA 12 pour les analyses statistiques. En plus, QGIS 3.12 et Excel 2017, étaient utilisés pour générer les Figures et les Tableaux des résultats. Le seuil de signification statistique a été fixé à 5% et IC95% était utilisé. 5 112 cas et 146 décès, soit un taux de létalité de 2,9%. Par rapport aux témoins, déterminants significativement associés (P<0,05) au choléra : sexe masculin (OR =1,41 [1,04-1,89]), niveau d'éducation inférieur ou égal à 6 ans de scolarité (OR= 1,64 [1.05-2.54]), contact connu avec un cas de choléra, OR=5.9 [2.60-13.67], utilisation de récipients non-latrines (OR=2.1 [1.5-3.0]), méconnaissance des moments critiques de lavage des mains (OR=1.46 [1.08-1.98]). Pour les décès, les déterminants étaient statistiquement associés (P<0,05) : Déshydratation sévère (OR = 2,67 [1,45-4,34]), délai de plus de 24 heures entre l'apparition des signes et le traitement (OR=2,23 [1,22-4,05]) et niveau d'éducation plus de 6 ans de scolarité (OR= 0,39 [0,21-0,71]). L‘identification des déterminants du choléra et des décès dans la ville de Lubumbashi est une étape importante pour revoir les politiques, les plans opérationnels et développer des stratégies efficaces, appropriées et optimales pour le contrôle du choléra. Cholera is endemo-epidemic in the city of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo. Due to its importance in terms of morbidity and mortality, cholera is a real public health problem. This paper focuses on describing the clinical, epidemiological, biological, and therapeutic profile of cholera patients and identifying the determinants of cholera morbidity and mortality in the city of Lubumbashi. 386 cases and 386 controls were retained in the treatment units and health centers from January 2017 to December 2020. Positive cases met the Ministry of Health criteria: "any person, 2 years of age and older during the epidemic, presenting at least three loose stools per day, with or without vomiting; or any death from acute diarrhoea". A structured survey was used. The Odds Ratio quantifies the strength of association. Logistic regression with STATA 12 was used for the statistical analysis. Moreover, QGIS 3.12 and Excel 2017 were used to generate figures and tables of the results of the study. The threshold of statistical significance was set at 5% and 95% CI was used. There were 5,112 cases and 146 deaths, a case fatality rate of 2.9%. Compared to controls, determinants were significantly associated (P<0.05) with cholera: male sex (OR =1.41 [1.04-1.89]), education level less than or equal to 6 years of schooling (OR= 1.64 [1.05-2. 54]), known contact with a cholera case (OR=5.9 [2.60-13.67]), use of non-latrine containers (OR=2.1 [1.5-3.0]), and lack of awareness of critical hand washing times (OR=1.46 [1.08-1.98]). For death, the determinants are statistically associated (P<0.05) with cholera: Severe dehydration (OR = 2.67 [1.45-4.34]), delay of more than 24 hours between onset of signs and treatment (OR=2.23 [1.22-4.05]), and level of education more 6 years of schooling (OR= 0.39 [0.21-0.71]). Determining the determinants of cholera and death in the city of Lubumbashi is an important step towards revisiting policies, operational plans, and in developing effective, appropriate, and optimal strategies for cholera control.

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Cholera Recurrence within Benin Littoral County: Analysis of Epidemics from 2008, 2016 to 2023

Virginie,

Valentin,

Evariste

et al. 2024

OJEpi

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Introduction: Cholera is an acute diarrheal infection caused by the bacillus Vibrio cholerae, which can be fatal in a few hours if left untreated. It rages in endemic-epidemic mode in several countries, including Benin. Despite being the economic capital, the largest city in Benin and the most urbanized municipality in the country, the Littoral County, confounded with the city of Cotonou, is subject to recurrent epidemics. This paper aims to analyze successive cholera epidemics with a view of highlighting the factors contributing to this recurrence. Methods: A secondary analysis was done of the cholera-related databases of the County health office from 2016 to 2023, and its Situation Report No. 79 of December 7 th , 2016, to describe the 2016 epidemic. Database data were analyzed in Excel. Results: Similarly to 2008, the 2016 cholera epidemic in Cotonou, which recorded 519 cases and 07 deaths, i.e. a case-fatality rate of 1.35%, spread to the town and six neighboring municipalities. The municipality of So-Ava, home to the index case, had the highest overall attack rate. The two epidemics share the same period of severity. Both epidemic and endemic cases are concentrated in the first seven boroughs of Cotonou, located on the lagoon shore, with low levels of hygiene and sanitation and a poor supply of drinking water. Conclusion: Low levels of hygiene, sanitation and drinking water supply all play a part in the recurrence of cholera epidemics. Sanitation work. Undertaken by the Beninese government is a ray of hope for improving this situation. Meanwhile, public awareness of hygiene measures must continue.

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Epidémies de Choléra en Afrique Sub-Saharienne: Revue documentaire de 2010 à 2016

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Spatiotemporal dynamics of cholera hotspots in the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1973 to 2022

Spatiotemporal dynamics of cholera hotspots in the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1973 to 2022

Déterminants de la morbidité et de la mortalité due au choléra à Lubumbashi, République démocratique du Congo : étude cas-témoins non appariée

Cholera Recurrence within Benin Littoral County: Analysis of Epidemics from 2008, 2016 to 2023

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