Epidemiología de la enfermedad meningocócica en Cataluña antes y después de la vacunación frente al serogrupo C

Martı́nez, Ana; Domı́nguez, Àngela; Oviedo, Margarita Herrero; Minguell, Sofía; Jansà, J.M.; Codina, Gemma; Vázquez, Julio A.

doi:10.1590/s1135-57272009000500013

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Tal medida possibilitará que qualquer alteração seja percebida precocemente e o Governo possa tomar medidas assertivas de Saúde Pública, fixando estratégias para a promoção da saúde nos três níveis de gestão do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), a fim de garantir a integralidade do cuidado. 1,11,[14][15][16] Apesar de o presente estudo ter sido realizado com base nos casos de Doença Meningocócica atendidos em um hospital de referência em infectologia do estado da Bahia, sabe-se que a amostra estudada não reflete todos os casos ocorridos na cidade de Salvador nos anos analisados, pelo fato de existirem outros hospitais públicos e privados, onde também podem ter sido internados pacientes com a doença em questão. Além disso, tem-se como mais uma limitação do trabalho o curto tempo decorrido após a campanha vacinal.…”

Section: Conclusõesunclassified

Impacto Da Vacinação Contra O Meningococo C Na Ocorrência De Doença Meningocócica Em Hospital Especializado

Nunes¹,

Barreto²,

Sacramento³

2013

Rev. baiana de saúde pública

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Section: Conclusõesunclassified

Impacto Da Vacinação Contra O Meningococo C Na Ocorrência De Doença Meningocócica Em Hospital Especializado

Nunes¹,

Barreto²,

Sacramento³

2013

Rev. baiana de saúde pública

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“…As a public health response to this, a mass vaccination campaign with polysaccharide vaccine was initiated in most of the country (1996–1997), reducing the number of cases caused by this serogroup 85,86. Two years after the mass vaccination campaign, effectiveness began to decrease, with the number of cases rising in all age groups.…”

Section: Vaccination Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, the health authorities decided to include the new and available meningococcal C conjugate vaccine in the routine vaccination schedule by September 2000, as well as carrying out a mass vaccination campaign,86 achieving a significant decrease of MDC incidence. 85 Vaccine effectiveness estimates of 98% (95% CI: 96, 98) declined to 78% (95% CI: 3, 95) beyond 1 year 87. Postvaccination monitoring of both epidemiological evolution of MD and long-term effects, show cases caused by B:2a:P1.5 probably originated from virulent strain C:2a:P1.5, suggesting that capsular switching by exchange of genetic material encoding the polysaccharide capsule might have occurred 85…”

Section: Vaccination Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meningococcal disease serogroup C

Dickinson¹,

Pérez²,

Cuevas³

2012

RMHP

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Despite current advances in antibiotic therapy and vaccines, meningococcal disease serogroup C (MDC) remains a serious threat to global health, particularly in countries in North and Latin America, Europe, and Asia. MDC is a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and neurological sequelae and it is a heavy economic burden. At the individual level, despite advances in antibiotics and supportive therapies, case fatality rate remains nearly 10% and severe neurological sequelae are frequent. At the population level, prevention and control of infection is more challenging. The main approaches include health education, providing information to the public, specific treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and the use of vaccines. Plain and conjugate meningococcal C polysaccharide vaccines are considered safe, are well tolerated, and have been used successfully for over 30 years. Most high-income countries use vaccination as a part of public health strategies, and different meningococcal C vaccination schedules have proven to be effective in reducing incidence. This is particularly so with conjugate vaccines, which have been found to induce immunogenicity in infants (the age group with the highest incidence rates of disease), stimulate immunologic memory, have longer effects, not lead to hyporesponsiveness with repeated dosing, and decrease acquisition of nasopharyngeal carriage, inducing herd immunity. Antibiotics are considered a cornerstone of MDC treatment and must be administered empirically as soon as possible. The choice of which antibiotic to use should be made based on local antibiotic resistance, availability, and circulating strains. Excellent options for a 7-day course are penicillin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and third-generation cephalosporins (ceftriaxone and cefotaxime) intravenously, although the latter are considerably more expensive than the others. The use of steroids as adjunctive therapy for MDC is still controversial and remains a topic of debate. A combination of all of the aforementioned approaches is useful in the prevention and control of MDC, and each country should tailor its public health policy to its own particular needs and knowledge of disease burden.

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“…La transmisión ocurre mediante contacto directo con secreciones respiratorias; la gran mayoría de los casos ocurre por exposición a portadores asintomáticos y muy pocos (< 5%) por el contacto directo con enfermos. El período de incubación es de 2 a 10 días 4 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Otros cuadros clínicos incluyen: neumonía, artritis, pericarditis, conjuntivitis y uretritis 5 . Entre 11 y 15% de los sobrevivientes queda con secuelas asociadas, tales como hipoacusia, trastornos neurológicos, amputaciones de dedos o miembros y cicatrices 4 .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Enfermedad meningocóccica en la Región Metropolitana de Chile y su correlación con factores ambientales

Bahamonde

Stuardo

Hott-Harvey

et al. 2014

Rev. chil. infectol.

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Introduction: Meningococcal disease (MD) is a public health problem worldwide, due to its high morbidity and mortality. Most cases occur in sub-Saharan Africa, where there is a marked seasonal pattern with predominance during the dry season. Objectives: To describe the morbidity of MD in the Metropolitan Region (MR) of Chile and explore whether there is a correlation between the number of cases with the levels of atmospheric particulate matter PM 10 and PM 2.5, relative humidity (RH), temperature and total environmental pollen. Materials and Methods: Ecological time series study, statistical analysis with R 3.0.1, graphics with Excel 2013. Results: Between 2010 and 2013, 234 MD cases were reported in the MR with an increasing trend. There is a seasonal pattern with an increase of cases from August to October, and a decrease from March to April. There is no correlation with the levels of PM10 and PM2.5. There is a slight positive correlation with RH and a slight negative correlation with temperature. There is a moderate positive correlation with the levels of total environmental pollens. Discussion: Overcrowding and the winter viral infections could explain the increased incidence of MD and the slight correlation with RH and temperature. The moderate correlation with the pollens could be explained by an effect of irritation of the upper airway. Conclusions: More epidemiological studies whose designs allow a greater causal inference are required.

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Epidemiología de la enfermedad meningocócica en Cataluña antes y después de la vacunación frente al serogrupo C

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Impacto Da Vacinação Contra O Meningococo C Na Ocorrência De Doença Meningocócica Em Hospital Especializado

Impacto Da Vacinação Contra O Meningococo C Na Ocorrência De Doença Meningocócica Em Hospital Especializado

Meningococcal disease serogroup C

Enfermedad meningocóccica en la Región Metropolitana de Chile y su correlación con factores ambientales

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