Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Rotavirus Disease During Five Years of Surveillance in Venezuela

Salinas, Belén; González, Germán; González, Rosabel; Escalona, Marisol; Materán, Mercedes Ramírez de; Schael, Irene Pérez

doi:10.1097/01.inf.0000142465.25992.c3

Cited by 35 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The most vulnerable of all the age groups were the children who are below the age of five years and it has been observed that the children [5 years of age have considerably increased RV infection rate in comparison with the adults (P \ 0.0001). Studies have reported that the most RV infections in children occurs before the age of 2 years [1,10,32,36] and in this study also the children \2 years of age demonstrated highest rate (50 %) of RV infections among all the patients belonging to different stages of life. EV infection was evenly distributed between the children (\5 years old) and adult ([5 years old) patient groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Prevalence of rotavirus, norovirus and enterovirus in diarrheal diseases in Himachal Pradesh, India

et al. 2016

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Diarrheal diseases are responsible for a significant proportion of mortality and morbidity all around the globe. The contribution of viruses to gastroenteritis incidences in humans is well established. In the present study, we have studied the prevalence of rotavirus, norovirus and enterovirus in Himachal Pradesh, a north Indian state. A total of 287 (111 children and 176 adults) stool samples of gastroenteritis patients were screened for the viruses using RT-PCR method. 34.5 % samples were positive for the viral pathogens of gastroenteritis. Rotavirus was the predominant virus detected in the study with 49.5 and 14.8 % positivity in children and adults, respectively. Enterovirus was present in 5.6 % cases whereas norovirus had least prevalence (1.4 %). Co infection (rotavirus and enterovirus) was witnessed at the prevalence rate of 0.6 %. Among different age groups, the prevalence of studied viruses was highest in the children belonging to the age groups of \5 years. Rotavirus infections were found to be significantly associated with vomiting and trend of higher rates of fever and dehydration was seen in children along with diarrhea. Seasonal distribution shows circulation of diarrheagenic viruses throughout the year. This is the first report of prevalence of various diarrheagenic viruses circulating in this region. The outcome of the study from this cohort provides a baseline data which can be used to design the preventive strategies in the otherwise unexplored state of Himachal Pradesh.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Prevalence of rotavirus, norovirus and enterovirus in diarrheal diseases in Himachal Pradesh, India

et al. 2016

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“…In addition, G2 rotavirus infections at CHOP occurred twice as frequently in children <6 months of age than in children 6-12 months of age. To further complicate direct comparisons of our results with prior studies indicating that infection with rotavirus in young infants requiring a healthcare intervention is not uncommon (4,37,38), some publications do not clearly distinguish nosocomial from community-acquired acquisition. The methodological limitations of our analysis should be acknowledged.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 41%

Unexpectedly high burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in very young infants

et al. 2010

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Background: The highest incidence of rotavirus gastroenteritis has generally been reported in children 6-24 months of age. Young infants are thought to be partially protected by maternal antibodies acquired transplacentally or via breast milk. The purpose of our study was to assess the age distribution of children with confirmed community-acquired rotavirus gastroenteritis presenting to an urban referral hospital. Methods: Children presenting to The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia with acute gastroenteritis have been monitored for the presence of rotavirus antigen in the stool by ELISA (followed by genotyping if ELISA-positive) since the 1994-95 epidemic season. Results: Over the last 12 rotavirus seasons prior to the introduction of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in 2006, stool specimens from 1646 patients tested positive for community-acquired rotavirus infection. Gender or age was not recorded in 6 and 5 cases, respectively. Overall, 58% of the cases occurred in boys. G1 was the predominant VP7 serotype, accounting for 72% of cases. The median (IQR) age was 11 (5-21) months. A total of 790 (48%) cases occurred in children outside the commonly quoted peak age range, with 27% in infants <6 months of age and 21% in children >24 months of age. A total of 220 (13%) cases occurred during the first 3 months of life, and the highest number of episodes per month of age [97 (6%)] was observed during the second month of life. Conclusions:The incidence of community-acquired rotavirus gastroenteritis monitored over 12 seasons in the prevaccine era at a major university hospital was nearly constant for each month of age during the first year of life, revealing an unexpectedly high incidence of symptomatic rotavirus disease in infants <3 months old. A sizeable fraction of cases occurred in children too young to have been vaccinated according to current recommendations.

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“…A clinical definition of watery diarrhea suggestive of rotavirus infection was developed based on the literature, and defined as a diarrhea episode with a maximum of four or more bowel movements per 24 hour period, with the presence of vomiting or fever (or both), and without any blood in the stool. [20][21][22][23][24][25] An episode was considered to be new if the participant experienced at least 3 days without an episode before the onset of a new episode. In addition to diarrhea episodes, breastfeeding status, and rotavirus vaccine status were also updated at each household visit.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community Diarrhea Incidence Before and After Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in Nicaragua

Becker‐Dreps¹,

Meléndez²,

L³

et al. 2013

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. We estimated the incidence of watery diarrhea in the community before and after introduction of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in Leó n, Nicaragua. A random sample of households was selected before and after rotavirus vaccine introduction. All children 5 years of age in selected households were eligible for inclusion. Children were followed every 2 weeks for watery diarrhea episodes. The incidence rate was estimated as numbers of episodes per 100 child-years of exposure time. A mixed effects Poisson regression model was fit to compare incidence rates in the prevaccine and vaccine periods. The pre-vaccine cohort (N = 726) experienced 36 episodes per 100 child-years, and the vaccine cohort (N = 826) experienced 25 episodes per 100 child-years. The adjusted incidence rate ratio was 0.60 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.40, 0.91) during the vaccine period versus the pre-vaccine period, indicating a lower incidence of watery diarrhea in the community during the vaccine period.

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Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics of Rotavirus Disease During Five Years of Surveillance in Venezuela

Abstract: This study confirms the significant impact of rotavirus disease in Venezuela. Rotavirus vaccines currently in development could diminish the morbidity associated with this common cause of childhood diarrheal disease.

Cited by 35 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence of rotavirus, norovirus and enterovirus in diarrheal diseases in Himachal Pradesh, India

Prevalence of rotavirus, norovirus and enterovirus in diarrheal diseases in Himachal Pradesh, India

Unexpectedly high burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis in very young infants

Community Diarrhea Incidence Before and After Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in Nicaragua

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