yocardial infarction (MI) is an important cardiovascular disease in terms of its severity and incidence. As in other industrialized countries, it is a major public health problem in Japan. Left ventricular (LV) remodeling after MI exacerbates LV dysfunction and causes chronic heart failure (CHF) that is generally progressive. 1 However, the real prognosis of Japanese patients with CHF caused by an underlying MI is still unknown. Many studies indicate that the prevention and improvement of LV remodeling by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) orblocker (BB) significantly improves the prognosis of CHF patients after MI. [2][3][4] The 3 objectives of the present study were: (1) to compare the prognoses of CHF patients following MI with those of CHF patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) using our CHF registry, (2) to clarify the prognoses of CHF patients with preserved systolic LV function or fewer CHF symptoms in the MI cohort, and (3) to determine the independent predictors of outcome, including ACEI/ARB or BB.
Circulation Journal Vol.69, February 2005
Methods
Patient PopulationIn February 2000, we started a hospital-based CHF registry called the Chronic Heart Failure Registry and Analysis in the Tohoku District (CHART) in order to perform epidemiological analyses of Japanese patients with CHF. Member hospitals, associate physicians, and the design of the CHART registry have been described elsewhere. 5,6 Oral or written informed consent was obtained from each patient and the study protocol, which was approved by the human research committee of Tohoku University School of Medicine, conformed to the ethical guidelines of the 1975 Declaration of Helsinki. Patients were enrolled when at least one of the following criteria was met: (1) LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was less than 50%, (2) LV end-diastolic diameter (LVDD) was equal to or more than 55 mm, or (3) at least one episode of congestive heart failure. All recruited patients had a structural disorder of the heart and were treated with standard therapy for CHF, including diuretics, digitalis, ACEI, ARB, or BB to maintain their ability to perform the activities of daily life without severe symptoms. Although our CHF criteria were relatively broader than the 'traditional' CHF criteria, we recruited less symptomatic patients with preserved systolic LV function and therefore we might have included Stage B patients, based on the new CHF classification proposed by the 2001 ACC/AHA guidelines. 1 As of February 2003, 1,154 CHF patients were enrolled in the registry and the mean follow-up period was 1.9±0.9 (mean ± SD) years. From that group, the study population comprised 283 CHF Background Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the major etiologies of chronic heart failure (CHF) in Japan.
Methods and ResultsThe prognoses of CHF patients after MI (n=283) were investigated by comparing them with those of CHF patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM, n=310) from the CHF registry (CHART; n=1,154). The Kaplan-Meier (KM...