Epidemiologic evaluation of canine urolithiasis in Thailand from 2009 to 2015

Hunprasit, Vachira; Osborne, Carl A.; Schreiner, Pamela J.; Bender, Jeffrey B.; Lulich, Jody P.

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.07.008

Cited by 19 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The association of cystic and urethral urolithiasis with a variety of breeds was reported by several previous studies. [2][3][4][5][15][16][17] Variation in the pathogenesis of urinary stones between species, breeds, genetics, metabolism and nutrition was also documented 3 where nutrition is implicated as the major factor responsible for formation of uroliths in dogs and cats. 6 Toy and small breed dogs were significantly associated with calcium oxalate urolithasis while struvite uroliths tended to be over-represented in medium and large breed dogs.…”

Section: Signalment: Age Breed and Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2,21 However, previous reports showed female dogs predominating males in the occurrence of struvite urolith. 2,4,5 The reported higher occurrences of struvite containing urolithiasis in female dogs was ascribed to infection-induced nature of struvite stones to which female dogs are at greatest risk due to their short and wide urethra. 2…”

Section: Signalment: Age Breed and Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C anine urolithiasis is a common cause of emergency urinary tract disease requiring a rapid definitive diagnosis for immediate surgical and/or medical therapy. [1][2][3][4][5] Generally, dogs with urolithiasis are presented with serious clinical conditions such as occult haematuria and partial or complete obstruction. Haematuria, pollakiuria, stranguria, and dysuria are common clinical signs of lower urinary tract disease that are non-specific to cystic calculi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Most of the studies conducted on canine urolithiasis were focused on the mineral composition and associated risk factors. [2][3][4][5][6] Thus, this study was conducted considering the limited availability of recent information on the clinical haematological and microscopic urinalysis pictures at presentation and comparative diagnostic detection capability of ultrasonography and radiography in canine urolithiasis and/or concurrent urinary bladder growths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Canine Urolithiasis and Concurrent Urinary Bladder Abnormalities: Symptoms, Haematology, Urinalysis and Comparative Radiographic and Ultrasonographic Diagnosis

Fromsa¹,

Saini²,

Radiology³

2019

Vet Med Open J

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Background Urocystoliths are difficult to palpate and physical examination findings, complete blood cell count (CBC) and serum biochemical analysis are usually normal and the clinical signs are not definitive. Thus diagnostic imaging is a crucial tool required to confirm the diagnosis of urolithiasis in dogs presented with non-specific clinical signs of urogenital affection. Aim The aim of this study was to compare the capability of radiography and ultrasonography in detecting uroliths and concurrent urinary system abnormalities and to evaluate clinical, haematological and urinalysis findings of dogs affected with urolithiasis during the presentation. Methods Findings of signalment, history, physical and laboratory examination of blood and urine were performed and recorded. All dogs presented with complete or partial urinary obstruction, haematuria and renal failure were subjected to both radiographic and ultrasonographic evaluation. Uroliths were retrieved by a cystotomy, urethrotomy, and at necropsy from kidney failure cases confirming urolithiasis. Results The result revealed occult clinical haematuria in 56.5%, microscopic haematuria in 78.3% and dysuria/anuria in 34.8% of the affected dogs. Crystalluria is detected in seven (30.4%) of urolithiasis affected dogs. The total leukocyte count was significantly elevated (p≤0.05) in partially and completely obstructed dogs. Radiography diagnosed 19 of 23 urolithiasis cases in the urinary bladder (UB), 2 of 2 in the kidney and 12 of 13 in the urethra while ultrasonography diagnosed 17 of 23 urolithiasis cases in the UB and one in the urethra. From a total of 15 dogs presented with either neoplastic growth and/or cystitis concurrent with urolithiasis, ultrasound detected six while pneumocystogrpahy detected only one. Conclusion The study showed haematuria as the leading clinical sign of urolithiasis. Detection of urolithiasis and concurrent cystitis and/or urinary bladder growth increases when ultrasonography and radiography were employed together.

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Section: Signalment: Age Breed and Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Signalment: Age Breed and Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Canine Urolithiasis and Concurrent Urinary Bladder Abnormalities: Symptoms, Haematology, Urinalysis and Comparative Radiographic and Ultrasonographic Diagnosis

Fromsa¹,

Saini²,

Radiology³

2019

Vet Med Open J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In practice, the clinician must conduct a full clinical assessment and, if needed, may perform specific complementary examinations to provide better care and to avoid facing possible complications. Factors such as breed, sex, age, diet, urinary tract infections, urinary pH, medical treatments, hydration, litter box, and castration can impact the onset of urolithiasis and composition of the uroliths [4][5][6]. The first factor is the number of litter boxes available to each cat in the household.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower urinary tract lithiasis of cats in Algeria: Clinical and epidemiologic features

et al. 2020

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Aim: This study aims to describe the clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of urolithiasis of the lower urinary tract and to determine the main risk factors involved in the occurrence of urinary lithiasis in cats in Algeria from 2016 to 2018. Materials and Methods: During the study period, 465 cats were examined and 32 cases of urolithiases were selected and investigated by conducting physical examinations, blood analyses, urinalysis, X-ray radiography, and ultrasonography. Parameters such as breed, age, or sex were studied and reported in a farm return to analyze risk factors involved in the formation of lower urinary urolithiasis. Results: The most clinically relevant symptoms of urolithiasis observed in cats were dysuria, pollakiuria, hematuria, and stranguria. Urinalysis and blood analysis revealed a significant presence of urinary crystals and acute kidney failure in nine cats. The ultrasonography and radiography confirmed the diagnosis of urolithiasis with the incidence of 43.75% and 31.25%, respectively. The lower urinary tract urolithiasis appeared to be more frequent in European and Siamese cats. In addition, cats aged between 4 and 8 years old were the most affected. Male cats (87.50%) were more affected than female cats. Finally, the lower urinary tract urolithiasis was more frequent in cats consuming the commercial pet food, previously castrated, and confined inside the house. Conclusion: Complete clinical assessments, in addition to complementary examinations, are necessary and beneficial in treating the animal and preventing possible complications. Whether the choice of therapy is surgical or treatment with drugs, it is crucial to understand that the elimination of the stone is not an end, but the beginning of a series of investigations. Because of their impact on both the formation and elimination of metabolites, it has been found that factors, such as race, gender, age, diet, and lifestyle, should be considered as potential risk factors for urolithiasis.

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Harnsteinbefunde bei Katzen aus Deutschland in den Jahren 2016–2020

Breu

Müller

2022

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere

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Zusammenfassung Gegenstand Ziel der Studie war, die Verteilung und Häufigkeit unterschiedlicher Harnsteine von Katzen aus Deutschland zu erfassen sowie geschlechts-, alters-, und rassespezifische Unterschiede zu evaluieren. Material und Methode Im Zeitraum 2016–2020 wurden mittels Infrarotspektroskopie 3629 Harnsteinproben von Katzen aus Deutschland analysiert. 3330 Harnsteine stammten von Rassekatzen, die 22 Rassen zugeordnet werden konnten. Ergebnisse Die Harnsteine entfielen auf männlich kastrierte (45,3 %), weiblich kastrierte (35,3 %), männlich intakte (7,4 %) und weiblich intakte (6,3 %) Tiere. Das mediane Alter (Jahre) der Tiere war 7, variierte aber zwischen den unterschiedlichen Steinarten. Die häufigsten Steinarten waren: Kalziumoxalate (59,5 %), Struvite (33,7 %), Ammoniumurate (2 %), Kalziumphosphate (1,7 %), Cystine (0,7 %) und Xanthine (0,4 %). Männliche (59,4 %) und weibliche (59,2 %) Tiere hatten nahezu identische prozentuale Anteile an Kalziumoxalaten, während der Anteil bei Kastraten mit 60,2 % signifikant höher war als bei intakten Tieren (54,4 %; p = 0,01). Bei Struvitsteinen war der Anteil männlicher (32,6 %) geringer als der weiblicher Tiere (35,4 %; p = 0,08) und der Anteil der intakten Tiere (38,2 %) übertraf den der kastrierten Tiere signifikant (33,1 %; p = 0,02). Die Prävalenz der Kalziumoxalatsteine stieg im Untersuchungszeitraum um 6,6 %, während die der Struvitsteine 5,5 % abnahm. Einige Rassen (> 10 Individuen) zeigten eine signifikant gehäufte Neigung zur Bildung bestimmter Steinarten. Kalziumoxalate fanden sich signifikant häufiger bei Britisch Kurzhaar (85,2 %), Ragdoll (75 %), Scottish Fold (74,1 %) und Perserkatzen (72,4 %). Struvitsteine waren die dominierende Steinart bei Norwegischer Waldkatze (48,5 %), Britisch Langhaar (41,7 %), Europäisch Kurzhaar (41,7 %) und Sibirischer Waldkatze (36,8 %). Siamkatzen hatten den signifikant höchsten prozentualen Anteil an Cystinsteinen (16 %) Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Kalziumoxalate und Struvitsteine sind bei Katzen aus Deutschland die häufigsten Steinarten. Rasse-, alters-, geschlechts- und kastrationsspezifische Unterschiede wurden festgestellt.

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Epidemiologic evaluation of canine urolithiasis in Thailand from 2009 to 2015

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Canine Urolithiasis and Concurrent Urinary Bladder Abnormalities: Symptoms, Haematology, Urinalysis and Comparative Radiographic and Ultrasonographic Diagnosis

Canine Urolithiasis and Concurrent Urinary Bladder Abnormalities: Symptoms, Haematology, Urinalysis and Comparative Radiographic and Ultrasonographic Diagnosis

Lower urinary tract lithiasis of cats in Algeria: Clinical and epidemiologic features

Harnsteinbefunde bei Katzen aus Deutschland in den Jahren 2016–2020

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