Epidemiologic Pictures of Kawasaki disease in Shanghai from 1998 through 2002

Abstract

BACKGROUND Epidemiologic features of Kawasaki disease in China is still not clear. METHODS A questionnaire form and diagnostic guidelines for Kawasaki disease were sent to hospitals in Shanghai, which provided with pediatric medical care. All patients with Kawasaki disease diagnosed during January 1998 through December 2002 were recruited in this study. RESULTS A total of 768 patients with Kawasaki disease were reported. The incidence rates of Kawasaki disease for each year were 16.79 (1998), 25.65 (1999), 28.16 (2000), 28.05 (2001), and 36.76 (2002) per 100,000 children under 5 years of age. The male/female ratio was 1.83:1. The age at onset ranged from 1 month to 18.8 years (median: 1.8 years). The disease occurred more frequently in spring and summer. Fever was the most common clinical symptom, followed by oral changes, extremities desquamate, rash, conjunctive congestion, lymphadenopathy, extremities swelling, and crissum desquamate. Cardiac abnormalities were found in 24.3% of patients. The most common cardiac abnormality was coronary artery lesions including dilatation (68%) and aneurysm (10%). The case-fatality rate at acute stage of the disease was 0.26%. A second onset of the disease occurred in 1.82% of patients. CONCLUSIONS The incidence rate of Kawasaki disease in Shanghai is lower than that reported in Japan, but higher than those in western countries. The increasing trend in incidence, sex distribution and cardiac abnormalities are similar to those in previous reports. The seasonal distribution is similar to the report from Beijing and different from other reports.

Epidemiologic survey of Kawasaki disease in Inner Mongolia, China, between 2001 and 2013

“…Notably, although perianal desquamation is not included in the diagnostic criteria of KD, it was observed in 22.8% of the cases included in the present study, and a relative higher incidence of perianal desquamation was also showed in several other studies (5,11,20). As a systemic vasculitis, the present study also identified that KD affects multiple systems, including the respiratory and digestive system, and in certain cases, atypical clinical manifestations may lead to the misdiagnosis of KD (21); therefore, increased awareness of the spectrum of the clinical presentation of KD is essential for early diagnosis and treatment.…”

Kawasaki Shock Syndrome Complicating a Recurrence of Kawasaki Disease

“…5 Cases of recurrent KD are rare in Europe, and so we have no relevant epidemiologic data. Relapses have been reported in Japan, 6 China, 7 Taiwan, 8 Korea, 9 and the United States 10 at respective rates of 3%, 3.5%, 1.82%, 1.5%, and 0.8%. The disease seems to recur more frequently in the first 2 years after diagnosis, with the highest rates between the ages of 1 and 2 years, and with a lower risk in children aged $3 years at initial onset.…”

Susceptibility genes for Kawasaki disease: toward implementation of personalized medicine

“…First, as mentioned earlier, KD is over-represented among Asian and Asian-American populations. [6][7][8][9][10][11]18 The fact that Japanese ancestries in Hawaii have higher incidence of KD than other ethnic groups and the same level of incidence as Japanese living in Japan confirms the ethnic genetic difference in susceptibility to KD. Second, KD shows familial aggregation.…”